arXiv:2606.17164cs.CLcs.AI2026-06

用结构化指令让自然语言提示更清晰可靠,减少AI误解

PromptMN: Pseudo Prompting Language

论文配图:PromptMN: Pseudo Prompting Language
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 设计了一种带%前缀的伪指令语言,明确标注角色、目标、约束等
  • 在多个前沿模型上验证成功解析复杂逻辑,无需微调
  • 适合开发全周期协作,帮助团队提前发现提示中的隐藏假设

提示已成为人与生成式AI的主要交互界面,但许多自然语言提示仍脆弱:角色、目标、约束和预期输出常隐含在叙述中或未明示。在智能体和软件开发流程中,初始理解偏差会逐级传播,因大量代理失败源于上下文模糊而非模型能力不足。本文提出PromptMN,一种伪提示领域专用语言,通过紧凑的%前缀类型指令标注自然语言,涵盖角色、目标、需求、优先级、约束、计划、输入与输出。语义解析允许作者任意顺序书写,模型按功能解析指令。PromptMN介于非正式提示与编程式伪代码之间:结构足够清晰以供审查与复用,又轻量适配分析师、管理者、开发者及项目干系人全程使用。它还可配合逆向提示工程——让模型将期望结果重述为PromptMN,从而揭示隐含角色、目标、约束与缺失假设,减少修复循环,并生成可复用的对齐资产。在Claude Fable 5、Claude Opus 4.8、Gemini 3.1 Pro和GPT-5.5等前沿模型上评估,其能正确解析包括重复、条件、方法和素数检测任务在内的复杂结构,无需微调。相同词汇可在新代码库、维护与重构场景中复用。尽管大规模验证尚待推进,早期结果表明PromptMN是实现更清晰、可审查的人机交互的可行路径。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Prompting has become the primary interface between humans and generative AI, yet many natural language prompts remain fragile: roles, goals, constraints, and expected outputs are often buried in prose or left implicit. In agentic and software development workflows, a misread at the first handoff can propagate through every step, since a significant portion of agent failures stem from context ambiguities rather than model limitations. This paper introduces PromptMN, a pseudo-prompting domain-specific language that annotates natural language with compact, %-prefixed typed directives covering roles, goals, requirements, priorities, constraints, plans, inputs, and outputs. Semantic resolution lets authors write in any order while the model interprets directives by function. PromptMN sits between informal prompting and programming-style pseudocode: structured enough to be inspectable and reusable, yet lightweight enough for analysts, managers, developers, and stakeholders across the software development lifecycle (SDLC). PromptMN also pairs with reverse prompt engineering. Asking a model to restate a desired outcome as PromptMN lets users inspect the inferred roles, goals, constraints, and missing assumptions before acting, reducing repair cycles and yielding a reusable artifact for aligning people and AI tools. PromptMN's feasibility is evaluated across several frontier models, including Claude Fable 5, Claude Opus 4.8, Gemini 3.1 Pro, and GPT-5.5. The models correctly resolved PromptMN instructions, including complex structures such as repetition, conditionals, methods, and a prime-checking task, without fine-tuning. The same vocabulary applies across new codebases, maintenance, and redesign in the SDLC scenarios presented. While large-scale validation remains future work, these early results suggest PromptMN is a practical step toward clearer, more reviewable human-to-AI interaction.

提示工程领域语言智能体协作

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