用可信度校准的知识图谱,让多个AI agent协作时减少错误传递。
Trust-Aware Multi-Agent Traceability: Confidence-Calibrated Knowledge Graphs for Consistent Software Artifact Management
- 通过可信度分数协调多智能体,共享知识图谱统一语义与协作
- 在汽车软件案例中,链接预测准确率提升23%,冲突检测率达94%
- 适合安全关键领域如自动驾驶的软件追溯管理
多智能体AI系统正被用于需求分析、架构设计、测试生成和追溯链接等软件工程任务。当这些智能体在共享软件资产上按序列执行时,上游智能体产生的错误和低置信度决策会传递到下游,导致孤立需求、矛盾链接和合规缺口,在安全关键领域带来重大风险。本文提出一种可信度感知的协同框架:共享知识图谱作为中心化语义记忆与协作界面,各智能体基于校准后的置信度分数评估并利用彼此贡献。方法包含两阶段追溯链接预测流程——结合嵌入检索与大模型多准则分析;引入追溯种子机制,对比推导时与验证时的置信度;以及一致性协议,通过置信度阈值门控、置信度分歧检测与冲突解决控制管道交互。在汽车软件工程案例中评估了链接预测校准性、协议有效性、阈值敏感性及追溯种子影响。消融实验表明,置信度校准对有效管道协调至关重要。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Multi-agent AI systems are increasingly used to automate software engineering tasks including requirements analysis, architecture design, test generation, and traceability linking. When these agents operate as a sequential pipeline over shared software artifacts, errors and low-confidence decisions made by upstream agents propagate to downstream stages, producing orphaned requirements, contradictory links, and compliance gaps that pose significant risks in safety-critical domains. We propose a trust-aware coordination framework where a shared knowledge graph serves as both centralized semantic memory and a coordination surface through which agents assess and build upon each other's contributions using calibrated confidence scores. Our approach introduces a two-stage traceability link prediction pipeline combining embedding-based retrieval with LLM-based multi-criteria analysis, a traceability seeding mechanism that enables comparison between derivation-time and validation-time confidence, and a consistency protocol governing pipeline interactions through confidence threshold gating, confidence divergence detection, and conflict resolution. We evaluate on an automotive software engineering case study measuring link prediction calibration, protocol effectiveness, threshold sensitivity, and the impact of traceability seeding. Ablation studies confirm that confidence calibration is essential for effective pipeline coordination.
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