arXiv:2606.17321cs.LGcs.CV2026-06

用310万条合成数据提升桌面智能体性能,解决公开数据导致的负迁移问题。

ProCUA-SFT Technical Report

论文配图:ProCUA-SFT Technical Report
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 自动合成2484种应用组合的9.3万条任务轨迹,覆盖真实内容场景。
  • 微调后在OSWorld上达到45.0%成功率,较基线提升18.7个百分点。
  • 专为视觉语言模型设计,适合研究桌面交互与自动化系统的人参考。

训练能与图形化桌面交互的计算机使用智能体(CUAs)需要大规模、多样化的轨迹数据。目前最大的公开资源AgentNet(22.5K条人类轨迹)在监督微调(SFT)时反而导致负迁移:继续在AgentNet上训练UI-TARS 7B,使OSWorld成功率从26.3%降至8-10%。本文提出ProCUA-SFT,一个由93K条合成轨迹生成的310万步级SFT样本数据集,覆盖2,484种应用组合。该数据集通过全自动流水线构建:(i)在真实内容基础上生成有依据的任务(包括SpreadsheetBench的912个电子表格、Zenodo10K约10,000份开源演示文稿及多应用OSWorld配置),(ii)通过二元前提检查验证每项任务可行性后再执行。单一视觉语言模型(Kimi-K2.5)同时承担目标生成、前提判断和轨迹执行,消除规划-执行能力断层。每条轨迹扩展为步前缀样本,精确复现推理时的上下文布局。仅用一个训练周期微调UI-TARS 7B,OSWorld成功率即达45.0%,比基线高18.7个百分点,且显著优于基于AgentNet训练的模型。部分ProCUA数据已用于Nemotron 3 Nano Omni模型的训练,助力其具备计算机操作能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Training computer-use agents (CUAs) -- models that interact with graphical desktops through screenshots and keyboard/mouse actions -- requires large-scale, diverse trajectory data collected in full desktop environments. The largest public resource, AgentNet (22.5K human trajectories), leads to negative transfer when used for supervised fine-tuning (SFT): continuing training UI-TARS 7B on AgentNet causes OSWorld success rate to fall from 26.3% to 8-10%. We present ProCUA-SFT, a dataset of 3.1M step-level SFT samples distilled from 93K synthetic trajectories across 2,484 application combinations. The dataset is produced by a fully automated pipeline that (i) synthesizes grounded tasks on live desktops seeded with real-world content -- 912 spreadsheets from SpreadsheetBench, approximately 10K permissively-licensed presentations from Zenodo10K, and multi-application OSWorld configs -- and (ii) verifies each task's feasibility through binary precondition checking before rollout. A single VLM (Kimi-K2.5) serves as goal generator, precondition judge, and trajectory executor, eliminating planner-actor capability gaps. Each trajectory is expanded into step-prefix samples that exactly reproduce the context layout seen at inference time. Fine-tuning UI-TARS 7B on ProCUA-SFT for one epoch yields 45.0% on OSWorld -- an 18.7 percentage-point improvement over the base model and over 35% above AgentNet-trained counterparts. A subset of ProCUA was incorporated into the training data for the Nemotron 3 Nano Omni model, contributing to its computer-use capabilities.

桌面智能体数据合成视觉语言模型强化学习

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