软机器人受伤后60秒内自动适应,无需仿真
Damage Adaptation in Seconds for Architected Materials

- 用低维离散坐标描述损伤,结合集成学习实时适应未知损坏
- 在软致动器上实现1分钟内完成对切割、烧伤等损伤的自适应
- 适合需现场修复的软体机器人应用,尤其适用于非预设损伤场景
在软致动系统中实现对灾难性损伤的本体感知自适应,耗时不足一分钟。架构化材料具备良好适应性:致动器失效呈渐进式而非急性崩溃,损伤可在低维离散坐标空间中描述。令人意外的是,潜在损伤表示结合简单而鲁棒的集成方法,足以实现实时应对未见损伤。此外,我们发现架构化材料的学习表征在特定条件下样本复杂度从指数级降至线性,显著优于刚性部件或连续软机制。通过基于手性剪切辅助结构(HSA)致动器的六自由度软腕追踪任务,验证了我们的LEAP方法。算法可适应切割、烧伤及致动器修复,实现无仿真支持的实时自适应,对推动软体机器人走出实验室具有关键意义。更多视频与信息见 https://murpheylab.github.io/leap。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Adaptation to damages and in-situ physical repairs is essential for long-term robot autonomy, yet challenging outside of narrowly defined and well-anticipated bounds. In this work we proprioceptively adapt to catastrophic damage in soft-actuated systems in under one minute. Architected materials are well equipped for adaptation: actuator failure occurs gradually rather than acutely, and damage can be described in a low-dimensional, discrete coordinate space. Surprisingly, latent damage representations plus a simple yet robust ensemble method is sufficient for adapting to unseen damage in real-time. Moreover, we identify conditions under which exponential sample complexity collapses to linear sample complexity for learned representations of architected materials, a concrete advantage over rigid components or continuum soft mechanisms. We demonstrate LEAP, our method for adaptive proprioception, via a tracing task for a 6DoF soft wrist based on Handed Shearing Auxetic (HSA) actuators. Our algorithm is able to adapt to cuts, burns, and actuator repairs, enabling simulation-free real-time adaptation that is critical for realizing the promise of soft robots outside the lab. Videos and more information are available at https://murpheylab.github.io/leap.
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