arXiv:2606.17475cs.CV2026-06

提出分阶段模型融合框架,高效整合多个立体匹配模型知识。

StereoFactory: A Unified Merging Framework for Robust Stereo Matching

论文配图:StereoFactory: A Unified Merging Framework for Robust Stereo Matching
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 先用遗传算法筛选最优模型组合,再优化模块级知识路由。
  • 在四个基准上平均误差降低,相对最强基线提升18.4%以上。
  • 适合需要快速集成新模型的工业级立体视觉系统部署。

立体匹配已通过大规模数据集训练的基础模型取得进展,但该范式存在可扩展性瓶颈:引入新数据需耗时的联合重训练。模型融合提供了一种可扩展的后处理替代方案,在源检查点可用后整合专用模型的知识。然而,现有融合方法通常保留所有可用模型或依赖贪婪选择,可能保留有害的任务向量干扰。本文提出 StereoFactory,一种从粗到细的演化式自适应模型融合框架。第一阶段使用遗传算法搜索模型子集的组合空间,确定参与融合的模型;第二阶段通过 CMA-ES 优化选定任务向量上的架构自适应路由,解决模块级知识专属性问题,支持可选的模块级缩放。在两种架构和四个基准上的实验表明,StereoFactory 在相同检查点池下始终达到最佳四基准平均表现,将 NMRF 上的平均误差从 3.80 降至 3.30,FoundationStereo 上从 2.88 降至 2.19。后处理搜索仅需联合重训练 2.7%–3.7% 的实际时间。分析显示知识贡献具有内在的模块特异性,所选子集可在不同架构间迁移且性能衰减极小。代码将在录用后公开于:https://github.com/XiandaGuo/StereoFactory。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Stereo matching has advanced through foundation models trained on large-scale datasets, yet this paradigm suffers from a scalability bottleneck: incorporating new data requires costly joint retraining. Model merging offers a scalable post-hoc alternative by integrating knowledge from specialized models after source checkpoints are available. However, existing merging methods typically retain all available models or rely on greedy inclusion, which can preserve harmful task-vector interference. We propose StereoFactory, a coarse-to-fine evolutionary framework for adaptive model merging. Stage~1 employs a genetic algorithm to search the combinatorial space of model subsets, determining which models should participate. Stage~2 addresses module-level knowledge specialization (different functional modules exhibit distinct preferences for knowledge sources) through CMA-ES optimization of architecture-adaptive routing over the selected task vectors, with optional module-level scaling. Experiments across two architectures and four benchmarks demonstrate that StereoFactory consistently achieves the best four-benchmark average under the same checkpoint pool, reducing the average error from 3.80 to 3.30 on NMRF and from 2.88 to 2.19 on FoundationStereo relative to the strongest controlled baseline. The post-hoc search requires only 2.7--3.7\% of the corresponding joint-retraining wall-clock time. Analysis reveals that knowledge contributions are inherently module-specific, and selected subsets can transfer across architectures with minimal degradation. Code will be publicly released upon acceptance at: https://github.com/XiandaGuo/StereoFactory.

立体匹配模型融合进化算法CMA-ES

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