用基础模型流程加速行人保护设计,秒级替代原需数小时的仿真。
Surrogate Assisted Pedestrian Protection Design via a Foundation Model Orchestrated Workflow

- 构建代理模型+进化算法+几何生成器+语言接口的全流程自动化设计
- 单次探索生成35种合规方案,效率提升数百倍,预测准确率R²达0.87
- 适合汽车安全设计、AI辅助工程领域研究者快速原型验证
AI驱动的工程流程在碰撞安全设计中面临挑战:与气动学不同,碰撞涉及高度非线性接触动力学、材料非线性和离散状态转换,难以用数据驱动的代理模型捕捉。据我们所知,本文首次提出基于基础模型的碰撞安全设计工作流,实现代理辅助的行人保护探索,将每次CAE仿真评估时间从数小时缩短至数秒。该流程包含四个组件:(1) 在CAE碰撞仿真数据上训练的代理模型,根据设计参数预测行人腿部损伤指标,平均R²达0.87,并提供无分布的合规定置区间;(2) 多目标进化搜索(NSGA-II),在用户指定约束下发现多样化的可行参数集;(3) 基于形态变换的几何生成器,将参数映射为拓扑保持的3D形状;(4) 自然语言接口,由大语言模型协调流程,视觉-语言模型支持生成设计的语义比较。在汽车前保险杠案例中,该流程仅一次探索即生成35个符合安全标准的替代方案,传统CAE迭代需数周完成。结果表明,基础模型可作为机器学习代理与物理仿真之间的集成层,助力将AI能力引入高安全性工程领域。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
AI-driven engineering workflows face particular challenges in crash safety design: unlike aerodynamics, crash events involve highly nonlinear contact dynamics, material nonlinearity, and discrete state transitions that are difficult to capture with data-driven surrogate models. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first foundation model--orchestrated workflow for crash safety design that enables surrogate-assisted exploration for pedestrian protection, reducing evaluation time from hours per CAE simulation to seconds. The workflow integrates four components: (1) a surrogate trained on CAE crash simulations to predict pedestrian leg injury metrics from design parameters, achieving an average $R^2=0.87$ and providing distribution-free conformal prediction intervals; (2) multiobjective evolutionary search (NSGA-II) to discover diverse feasible parameter sets under user-specified constraints; (3) a morphing-based geometry generator that maps parameters to topology-preserving 3D shapes; and (4) a natural-language interface in which an LLM orchestrates the workflow and a vision--language model supports semantic comparison of generated designs. In an automotive front-bumper case study, the workflow produces 35 distinct safety-compliant alternatives from a single exploration, a process that would require weeks with conventional CAE iteration. These results suggest that foundation models can serve as integration layers between ML surrogates and physics-based simulation, helping bring AI capabilities to safety-critical engineering domains.
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