用大模型理解用户意图,自动选最优算法组合,实现快速高效网络规划。
OmniPlan: An Adaptive Framework for Timely and Near-Optimal Network Planning Optimization

- 通过大语言模型将自然语言意图转为可量化偏好向量。
- 动态选择MIP、启发式或强化学习专家,实现低延迟与近优解。
- 适合需要快速响应且个性化需求的实时网络优化场景。
网络规划优化是交通系统、通信网络和电力网等领域的基础问题,需在复杂约束下同时优化多个竞争目标。现有框架依赖混合整数规划(MIP)求解器、启发式算法和深度强化学习(DRL)模型,但难以适应多样动态的用户意图,导致执行时间与最优性之间存在权衡。本文提出OmniPlan,一个兼具及时性与近最优性的自适应框架。OmniPlan利用大语言模型(LLM)作为解释器,将异构的自然语言意图转化为统一的量化用户偏好向量;采用专家混合架构,集成MIP求解器、启发式算法和DRL模型作为专用专家,并根据用户意图动态选择时效性强且接近最优的专家;还引入基于DRL的专家配置模块,微调优化目标权重以匹配用户特定偏好。我们在分布式机器学习(ML)工作负载上评估OmniPlan,将其用于将决策树、SVM、朴素贝叶斯、XGBoost和随机森林等多种ML推理任务卸载到硬件设备网络中。真实测试床实验表明,OmniPlan在真实世界ML推理任务中实现了近最优且低延迟的卸载,最高降低延迟97.8%,网络设备资源消耗减少11.5%。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Network planning optimization is a fundamental problem across diverse domains, including transportation systems, communication networks, and power grids. It requires simultaneous optimization of multiple competing objectives under complex constraints. Existing network planning optimization frameworks rely on mixed integer programming (MIP) solvers, heuristics, and deep reinforcement learning (DRL) models to compute planning decisions. However, they lack effective adaptability to diverse and dynamic user intents, thus leading to the trade-off between execution time and optimality. In this paper, we propose OmniPlan, an adaptive framework that achieves both timeliness and near-optimality in network planning optimization. To achieve the adaptability lacking in existing solutions, OmniPlan employs a large language model (LLM)-based interpreter to convert heterogeneous natural-language intents into a unified and quantifiable user-preference vector. Then it employs a mixture-of-experts architecture that integrates MIP solvers, heuristics, and DRL models as specialized experts, where OmniPlan adapts to diverse intents by dynamically selecting timely and near-optimal experts. Finally, it incorporates a DRL-based expert configuration module that fine-tunes optimization objective weights to align planning decisions with user-specific preferences. We evaluate OmniPlan with a representative real-world workload, i.e., distributed machine learning (ML), where we leverage OmniPlan to offload a wide spectrum of ML inference tasks, e.g., decision trees, SVM, naive Bayes, XGBoost, and random forests, onto a network of hardware devices. Our experiments on a real-world testbed indicate that OmniPlan achieves near-optimal and low-execution-time offloading for real-world ML inference tasks, reducing latency by up to 97.8\% and network device resource consumption by up to 11.5\%.
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