TransitNet提升低信噪比系外行星搜寻精度,兼顾速度与可扩展性。
TransitNet: A Compact Attention-Augmented Deep Learning Framework for Low-SNR Transit Blind Searches

- 采用注意力机制增强的小型深度学习框架,专为低信噪比盲搜设计
- 在6-8信噪比下检测准确率达95.2%,地球大小行星回收率93.0%
- 模型仅1.5MB,推理速度比CPU-TLS快12-25倍,适合大规模巡天
针对中长周期类地行星观测不完全的问题,提出TransitNet——一种适用于低信噪比(SNR)盲搜的紧凑型注意力增强深度学习框架。为实现真实方法开发与阈值校准,构建统一的数据集、基准测试与阈值选择框架。在未见开普勒目标的恢复基准上,TransitNet在SNR 6至8区间达到95.2%准确率,优于TLS与BLS,ROC-AUC与PR-AP分别达0.974和0.982。在注入类地及亚类地行星信号实验中,回收率达93.0%,显著高于TLS(63.1%)与BLS(60.0%)。除检测外,还能提供基于注意力的掩星窗口与中点估计,在独立评估集上97.4%的注入掩星被完整覆盖。应用于真实开普勒数据,成功复现全部34个确认行星,平均中点误差1.24小时。模型体积约1.5MB,推理效率高,较CPU-TLS提速12-25倍,较CPU-BLS提速4-5倍。结果表明TransitNet在测试范围内提供了高精度、可扩展且高效的低信噪比盲搜框架,可拓展至更长周期类地行星搜索。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Motivated by the observational incompleteness of intermediate-to-long-period Earth-size planets, we present TransitNet, a compact attention-augmented deep-learning framework for low-SNR transit blind searches. To enable realistic method development and objective threshold calibration under blind-search conditions, we develop a unified dataset construction, benchmarking, and threshold-selection framework. On recovery benchmarks constructed from unseen Kepler targets, TransitNet attains 95.2 percent accuracy in the challenging SNR range of 6 to 8 and outperforms both TLS and BLS, achieving ROC-AUC and PR-AP values of 0.974 and 0.982, respectively. In an injected Earth-size and sub-Earth-size transit recovery experiment, TransitNet achieves a recovery rate of 93.0 percent, substantially exceeding those of TLS (63.1 percent) and BLS (60.0 percent). In addition to detection, TransitNet provides attention-based estimates of transit windows and midpoints. On an independent evaluation set, 97.4 percent of injected transits are fully covered by the estimated transit window. Applied to real Kepler observations, the model successfully recovers all 34 selected confirmed Kepler planets, with a mean absolute transit midpoint error of 1.24 hours. The model combines a compact footprint of about 1.5 MB with high inference efficiency, yielding speed-ups of about 12 to 25 times relative to CPU-TLS and about 4 to 5 times relative to CPU-BLS. These results demonstrate that TransitNet provides an accurate, scalable, and computationally efficient framework for low-SNR transit blind searches in the tested regime and motivate its extension to longer-period Earth-size planet searches.
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