arXiv:2606.19419cs.ROcs.AI2026-06被引 4

机器人通过自主玩耍学习通用技能,提升后续任务表现。

Playful Agentic Robot Learning

论文配图:Playful Agentic Robot Learning
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用自导式玩耍生成可学习的探索任务,持续积累技能。
  • 在两个数据集上比基线提升超17个百分点,实测有效。
  • 技能可复用,无需微调即可增强其他智能体表现。

当前具身智能体虽能编写代码策略、反馈修正行为,但多为任务驱动,技能仅在明确指令后习得。本文提出玩乐式自主机器人学习(Playful Agentic Robot Learning),让机器人在下游任务前通过自我驱动的玩耍阶段持续学习通用技能。引入RATs(Robotics Agent Teams)用于玩乐期技能积累:自主设计新颖且可学的探索任务,规划并执行机器人-代码策略,验证中间进展,诊断失败,基于密集的步骤级反馈重试,并将成功执行提炼为持久的代码技能库。测试时,代理从该冻结库中复用相关技能以应对新任务。在LIBERO-PRO和MolmoSpaces上的实验表明,玩乐学习的技能使未见下游任务性能分别优于无玩乐与随机玩乐基线20.6和17.0个百分点,相较CaP-Agent0显著提升。此外,这些技能可通过上下文检索直接接入其他推理期代码策略代理,在RoboSuite和真实世界迁移中分别提升8.9和8.8分,无需微调底层模型。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Current agentic robot systems can write executable Code-as-Policy programs, observe feedback, and revise behavior across multiple attempts, but they remain largely task-driven: reusable skills are acquired only after explicit instructions. We study Playful Agentic Robot Learning, where an embodied coding agent uses self-directed play as a continual skill-learning stage before downstream tasks arrive. We introduce RATs, Robotics Agent Teams designed for play-time skill acquisition. During play, RATs proposes novel yet learnable exploratory tasks, plans and executes robot-code policies, verifies intermediate progress, diagnoses failures, retries with dense, step-level feedback, and distills successful executions into a persistent code skill library. At test time, the agent reuses relevant skills from this frozen library to help solve new tasks. Experiments in LIBERO-PRO and MolmoSpaces show that play-learned skills improve held-out downstream tasks over no-play and random-play baselines, with 20.6 and 17.0 percentage-point gains over CaP-Agent0 on LIBERO-PRO and MolmoSpaces, respectively. Moreover, the learned skills can be plugged into other inference-time Code-as-Policy agents by simply retrieving them into the context, improving RoboSuite and real-world transfer by 8.9 and 8.8 points, respectively, without finetuning the underlying model.

机器人学习自适应技能代码策略玩乐学习

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