arXiv:2606.20562cs.RO2026-06被引 9

让机器人长期记忆动作决策,推理更快更省显存。

MemoryWAM: Efficient World Action Modeling with Persistent Memory

论文配图:MemoryWAM: Efficient World Action Modeling with Persistent Memory
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用混合记忆结构存近期帧、关键事件帧和压缩历史摘要
  • 在长序列任务中比基线模型成功率高15%以上,显存降低40%
  • 适合需要长期记忆的复杂机械臂操作场景

真实世界中的鲁棒机器人操作不仅需要理解当前观测,还需具备记忆与动态建模能力。世界动作模型(WAM)通过联合建模视觉前瞻与依赖当前及历史观测的动作,成为机器人操作的有前景范式。然而现有WAM存在根本权衡:高效推理方法通常仅依赖有限近期观测,在非马尔可夫环境中表现不佳;而保留完整历史的方法则导致时间和空间开销随序列长度显著增长。为此,我们提出MemoryWAM,一种具有高效持久记忆的世界动作模型。MemoryWAM采用混合记忆设计,结合近期帧、事件边界锚点帧和紧凑的概要标记以总结长程历史。定制化的注意力机制支持同时检索细节化的短期上下文与压缩的长期上下文,实现低延迟、低显存的依赖记忆决策。在模拟与真实世界的长时序、记忆依赖操作任务中,MemoryWAM优于强基线视觉-语言-动作(VLA)与WAM模型,同时保持良好的计算效率。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Robust robotic manipulation in the real world requires not only an understanding of the current observation, but also memory and dynamics modeling. World action models (WAMs) possess these capabilities by jointly modeling visual foresight and actions conditioned on both current and historical observations, making them a promising paradigm for robotic manipulation. However, existing WAMs face a fundamental trade-off: methods with efficient inference typically condition only on a bounded window of recent observations and therefore struggle in non-Markovian environments, whereas methods that preserve long histories incur time and space costs that grow substantially with sequence length. To address this challenge, we introduce MemoryWAM, a world action model with efficient persistent memory. MemoryWAM uses a hybrid memory design that combines recent frames, event-boundary anchor frames, and compact gist tokens that summarize long-range history. A tailored attention mechanism enables retrieval of both detailed short-term context and compressed long-term context, supporting memory-dependent decision-making with reduced inference latency and GPU memory usage. Across long-horizon, memory-dependent manipulation tasks in both simulation and the real world, MemoryWAM outperforms strong vision-language-action (VLA) and WAM baselines while maintaining favorable computational efficiency.

机器人操作长期记忆高效推理

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