用多智能体协作实现统计理论的形式化,确保每步推理都有据可依。
Hypothesis-Disciplined Multi-Agent Automated Formalization of Asymptotic Statistical Theory

- 设计七角色智能体协同工作,分阶段完成定理规划与证明
- 构建无公理依赖、忠实于原文的渐近统计理论形式化体系
- 适合形式化验证、数学自动化和严谨性要求高的研究者
渐近统计理论是人工智能辅助形式化的一大挑战:其核心结论融合收敛性陈述、渐近展开、泛函分析与正则性条件,与现有 Lean 4 形式化基础设施存在较大鸿沟。为此,我们提出一个基于多智能体的 hypothesis-disciplined Lean 4 形式化流程,包含七类专业角色:管理器、证明规划、Mathlib 搜寻、证明构建、集成、独立评审与审计。核心方法为 hypothesis-disciplined audit,由审计智能体执行:每个主定理假设与概念层级字段必须锚定于原始数学文本,经由编码适配器说明、标记为源文隐含,或明确拒绝为未经支持的强化。通过该流程,系统实现了参数模型与半参数模型渐近分布与效率结果的形式化。最终成果为无公理依赖、忠实于源文的 Lean 代码库,核心参数与半参数定理经机器校验与人工审核,且将与定理无关的基础架构与统计概念定义,与特定定理的组装逻辑分离。形式化成果已公开于 https://github.com/junwei-lu/Lean-Asymptotic-Statistical-Theory。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Asymptotic statistical theory is a challenging domain for AI-assisted formalization: its central results mix convergence statements, asymptotic expansions, functional analysis, and regularity conditions that have a large gap from existing infrastructure in Lean 4 formalization. To address these challenges, we propose a hypothesis-disciplined Lean 4 formalization pipeline built from multiple agents: a manager that coordinates seven specialist roles for proof planning, skeleton scaffolding, Mathlib reconnaissance, proof construction, integration, independent review, and audit. The main methodological discipline is the hypothesis-disciplined audit, implemented by the Auditor agent: every main-theorem hypothesis and concept-layer field must be anchored in the source mathematical prose, justified as a Lean encoding adapter, marked as source-implied, or rejected as an unsupported strengthening. Using this workflow, we build a systematic formalization of asymptotic statistical theory, especially the parametric and semi-parametric models' asymptotic distribution and efficiency results. The resulting Lean development is axiom-clean and source-faithful, with Lean-checked and human-audited proofs of core parametric and semi-parametric theorems organized so that theorem-agnostic infrastructure and statistical concept definitions are separated from theorem-specific assembly. The formalization results are available at https://github.com/junwei-lu/Lean-Asymptotic-Statistical-Theory.
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