用概率最大化方法高效预测室内占据,减少冗余结构。
FLM-Occ: Feed-forward Likelihood Maximization for Efficient Indoor Occupancy Prediction

- 将占据预测转为体素分布估计,通过最大似然训练网络
- 仅用32个超椭球就达到顶尖精度,速度提升3.7倍
- 适合需要轻量高精度的室内场景建模应用
近期的室内占据预测方法采用高斯原语作为稀疏3D表示以提高计算效率。然而,其训练依赖体素分类,仅施加局部约束,缺乏对原语分布的全局监督,导致在空区域中不可避免地生成虚假原语,损害了表示与计算效率。为此,我们提出前馈似然最大化(FLM),将占据预测重构为体素分布估计问题。在FLM中,网络被训练以在前馈过程中最大化真实占据体素上的似然值。为实现网络与标准混合模型的端到端训练,我们定义混合权重为归一化的原语体积,隐式施加单纯形约束,并推导出新的体素化公式。基于FLM,我们提出了FLM-Occ,一种能够将随机初始化的原语远距离重定位以建模场景的新方法。在Occ-ScanNet数据集上,FLM-Occ仅使用32个超椭球(前人SOTA的2.7%)即达到更优精度,同时运行速度提升3.7倍。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent indoor occupancy prediction methods adopt Gaussian primitives as a sparse 3D representation for computational efficiency. However, their training relies on voxel classification, which imposes only local constraints and lacks global supervision on the distribution of the primitives. Therefore, they inevitably predict spurious primitives in empty regions, undermining both representational and computational efficiency. To address this, we propose Feed-forward Likelihood Maximization (FLM), a novel framework that reformulates occupancy prediction as voxel distribution estimation. In FLM, a network is trained to predict a mixture model that maximizes the likelihood over ground-truth occupied voxels in a feed-forward manner. To enable end-to-end training of networks and voxelization of a standard mixture model, we define mixture weights as normalized primitive volumes to implicitly enforce simplex constraints and derive novel voxelization formulas. Based on FLM, our FLM-Occ, a novel method that is capable of relocating randomly initialized primitives over long distances to model a scene. On Occ-ScanNet, FLM-Occ achieves superior accuracy using only 32 superquadrics, 2.7% of the prior SoTA, while running 3.7 times faster.
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