arXiv:2606.21588eess.IVcs.CV2026-06

无需校准扫描,仅用T1和BOLD图像即可矫正fMRI几何畸变。

Unsupervised Susceptibility Distortion Correction of EPI without Calibration Scans via Image Translation-Based Registration

论文配图:Unsupervised Susceptibility Distortion Correction of EPI without Calibration Scans via Image Translation-Based Registration
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于图像翻译注册,用T1和单向BOLD图像桥接对比度差异。
  • 无监督训练下实现比现有方法更优的畸变矫正效果。
  • 适合无校准扫描的临床或跨设备研究场景。

功能磁共振成像(fMRI)使用回波平面成像(EPI)以高时间分辨率捕捉血氧水平依赖(BOLD)信号。然而,EPI对磁场不均敏感,导致相位编码(PE)方向上的畸变。传统方法依赖场图或反向PE校准扫描,但实际中常不可用。为此,我们提出SACRED框架,仅利用常规获取的解剖T1加权(T1w)图像与单向PE BOLD图像,通过基于图像翻译的配准实现无校准扫描的畸变矫正。SACRED采用可逆神经网络作为图像翻译主干,在保持结构一致性的同时弥合BOLD与T1w图像间的对比度差距,并通过模态无关邻域描述符实现无监督训练,仅依赖单对比度相似性目标。此外,引入测试时适应(TTA)提升分布外(OOD)数据表现。在1个分布内(ID)和2个分布外(OOD)数据集上评估,SACRED显著优于对比方法,对扫描仪和人群差异具有鲁棒性,部分归功于TTA。代码将在接受后公开。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) utilizes echo-planar imaging (EPI) to capture blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals with high temporal resolution. However, EPI is inherently sensitive to magnetic field inhomogeneities, resulting in susceptibility-induced geometric distortions along the phase-encoding (PE) direction. To correct these distortions, conventional approaches rely on additional calibration scans, such as field maps or reverse PE acquisitions, which are not always available in practice. To overcome this limitation, we propose SACRED, a calibration scan-free susceptibility distortion correction framework that corrects geometric distortions via image translation-based registration using only a routinely acquired anatomical T1-weighted (T1w) image and a unidirectional PE BOLD image. SACRED employs an invertible neural network as the image translation backbone to bridge the contrast gap between BOLD and T1w images while enforcing structural consistency through a modality independent neighborhood descriptor. This design enables the use of a mono-contrast similarity objective to train the registration network in an unsupervised manner without requiring distortion-corrected BOLD images. In addition, we incorporate test-time adaptation (TTA) to further enhance performance on out-of-distribution (OOD) data at inference time. SACRED was evaluated on one in-distribution (ID) dataset and two OOD datasets, and was compared with representative fMRI distortion correction methods. The results demonstrate that SACRED significantly outperforms competing methods on both ID and OOD datasets, exhibiting robustness to scanner and population shifts, partly enabled by TTA. The code will be made publicly available upon acceptance.

fMRI图像配准无监督学习畸变矫正

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