分析近30年文献学研究方法随学术生涯的变化趋势。
Research Method Usage across Academic Ages in Library and Information Science: An Empirical Study (1990-2023)
- 用自动分类与主题建模分析2.6万篇论文的方法分布
- 中年学者方法多样性最高，晚年学者最低
- 理论方法占比下降，实验与文献计量方法上升
学术年龄深刻影响职业发展，塑造研究行为、产出数量及方法选择。分析不同学术阶段的方法变迁，为学术演化提供新视角，并为青年研究者提供方法选择参考。本研究收集了1990-2023年间发表于14种权威图书馆与信息科学期刊的26,677篇论文。通过CogFT模型自动识别研究方法，利用Top2Vec生成主题模型，构建了方法与主题的关联数据集。通过作者姓名消歧计算每位学者的学术年龄。比较各学术年龄组的方法流行度与香农多样性指数，以及主题多样性。结果显示：理论方法占比持续下降，实验与文献计量方法逐渐兴起。不同群体间方法流行度差异显著：中年学者方法多样性最高，晚年学者最低。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Academic age critically shapes career development, influencing research behavior, output volume, and methodological choices. Analyzing method variation across academic ages offers a new theoretical lens on scholarly evolution and provides early-career researchers with practical guidance for method selection. A corpus of 26,677 articles published 1990-2023 in 14 authoritative Library and Information Science journals was compiled. The CogFT model automatically classified the research methods embedded in these articles, and Top2Vec generated the topic model. This process resulted in a comprehensive dataset linking research methods with topics. Author-name disambiguation enabled calculation of each scholar's academic age. Popularity and Shannon diversity indices for methods, together with topic diversity, were compared across academic age groups. Results reveal dynamic methodological trends: the share of theoretical approaches declined gradually, whereas experimental and bibliometric methods gained ground. Method popularity differs significantly among cohorts. Mid-career scholars exhibit the highest method diversity; late-career scholars the lowest.
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