arXiv:2606.21968cs.CVcs.CL2026-06

根据目标大小智能选择视觉检索方式,提升VLM在小目标识别中的准确率。

Look Before You Zoom: Adaptive Routing for the Resolution-Context Trade-off in Visual RAG

论文配图:Look Before You Zoom: Adaptive Routing for the Resolution-Context Trade-off in Visual RAG
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过分析模型内定位头估计目标尺度,动态决定是否检索
  • 在小目标上接近补丁检索精度,大目标上用注意力检索更优
  • 避免无效缩放,推理速度更快,适合实际部署

视觉语言模型在查询相关目标变小时表现不佳。现有无训练方法通过动态检索并放大图像局部区域来应对,但我们发现盲目检索存在关键缺陷:分辨率与上下文的权衡问题。基于补丁的缩放虽能恢复小目标细节,但可能割裂大对象并破坏全局空间结构;基于注意力的检索更好保留大对象,但在微小细节上仍不可靠;而全局感知在某些情况下无需检索反而更快。为此,我们提出ViRGo(视觉检索或全局感知),一个轻量级框架,将视觉检索建模为自适应路由问题。ViRGo在初始前向传播中利用模型内在定位头估计目标尺度,并结合语义标记置信度,以极低额外计算量决定采用全局感知、基于补丁的检索或基于注意力的检索。多组VQA基准测试和不同目标尺寸的实验表明,ViRGo在准确率-效率权衡上表现更优:在小目标上达到补丁检索水平,在大目标上利用注意力检索优势,且在无需缩放时直接路由至全局基线,显著降低推理时间。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) struggle as query-relevant objects become smaller. To address this, recent training-free approaches dynamically retrieve and zoom into local image regions. However, we show that indiscriminately applying retrieval ignores a critical vulnerability: the resolution-context trade-off. Patch-based zooming recovers details for small targets, but can split large objects and destroy global spatial context; attention-based retrieval better preserves large objects, but remains less reliable on tiny details; and global perception is often fastest when retrieval is unnecessary. Motivated by these failure modes, we introduce ViRGo (Visual Retrieval or Global Perception), a lightweight framework that formulates visual retrieval as an adaptive routing problem. ViRGo estimates object scale from the VLM's intrinsic localization heads during the initial forward pass and combines it with semantic token confidence to select between global perception, patch-based retrieval, and attention-based retrieval with minimal additional computation. Experiments across multiple VQA benchmarks and object-size groups show that ViRGo improves the accuracy-efficiency trade-off: it matches patch retrieval on small details, leverages attention-based retrieval for larger objects, and reduces inference time by routing to the global baseline when zooming is unnecessary.

视觉检索VLM优化自适应路由多尺度感知

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