将电子病历转化为带溯源的知识图谱,提升肿瘤会诊中病史重建的准确率与效率。
VISTA Architect: A graph database-oriented health AI system demonstrated in multidisciplinary tumor boards

- 构建双层图结构:保留原始记录细节的MEDS图 + 用LLM提炼的临床时间线
- 在1180名患者上达96.4%准确率,显著优于传统检索增强生成方法
- 模块化设计可适配多专科,适合需精准病史回溯的临床智能场景
我们提出VISTA Architect,一种面向电子健康记录(EHR)的图数据库导向型人工智能架构,融合大语言模型(LLMs)与纵向病历数据。在数据摄入阶段,系统将复杂临床文档转化为持久、带溯源的知识图谱,避免查询时重复处理原始文本。该架构包含两层:保持细粒度结构与完整溯源的源忠实MEDS图,以及通过图引导的LLM提取生成的临床抽象时间线对象架构(TOA),后者合成去重且时间连贯的临床事件摘要。相比直接长上下文提示和检索增强生成(RAG),该方法更有效捕捉时间关系,并降低重复处理带来的高成本与延迟。通过一次性预计算临床摘要,下游查询可快速获取组织化的患者状态,仅在需要详细验证时才追溯至原始文档。我们在斯坦福医学胸外科肿瘤会诊中验证了该系统,精准重建病史至关重要。在1,180名患者上,对15个肿瘤会诊关键变量的评估达到96.4%准确率(均值9.75/10,共17,700次评估;95%置信区间96.1%-96.7%),超越匹配的BM25 RAG基线及近期基于LLM的临床抽取基准。采用代理接口后,30名患者的会前准备时间缩短至约2.2分钟,且未牺牲准确性。尽管当前配置用于胸外科肿瘤学,其模块化设计可通过自定义事件定义、病程结构和代理工具扩展至其他专科;跨专科验证仍为未来工作。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We introduce VISTA Architect, a database-oriented AI architecture for integrating large language models (LLMs) with longitudinal electronic health records (EHRs). At ingestion, it transforms complex clinical documentation into a persistent, provenance-linked knowledge graph, eliminating repeated reprocessing of raw records at query time. The architecture has two layers: a source-faithful MEDS Graph preserving granular EHR structure with full provenance, and a clinically abstracted Timeline Object Architecture (TOA) that uses graph-guided LLM extraction to synthesize a concise timeline of deduplicated, temporally coherent clinical events. This addresses key limitations of direct long-context prompting and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), which often miss temporal relationships and incur high cost and latency from repeated raw-text processing. By precomputing clinical synthesis once, downstream queries access an organized patient state and traverse to source documentation only when detailed verification is needed. We demonstrate the system in multidisciplinary thoracic oncology tumor boards at Stanford Medicine, where precise reconstruction of patient histories is critical. Across 1,180 patients, VISTA Architect achieved 96.4% accuracy (mean 9.75/10) on 15 tumor board-salient variables (17,700 evaluations; 95% CI 96.1-96.7%), surpassing a matched BM25 RAG baseline and recent benchmarks for LLM-based clinical extraction. An agentic interface reduced preparation for a 30-patient held-out cohort to about 2.2 minutes without sacrificing accuracy. While configured here for thoracic oncology, the modular design adapts to other specialties through customizable event definitions, episode structures, and agentic tools; validation beyond thoracic oncology remains future work.
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