AudioCALM用连续潜变量实现通用音频生成,支持变长输出和多模态统一建模。
AudioCALM: Continuous Autoregressive Language Modeling for Universal Audio Generation

- 将自回归模型从离散标记扩展到连续音频潜空间,用流匹配预测速度
- 在语音、声音、音乐任务上达到或超过单模态最先进水平
- 通过异构专家结构分离语音与非语音处理,提升音效和音乐生成质量
统一语音、声音和音乐生成面临保真度、端到端训练、上下文条件与变长合成之间的权衡,现有范式难以兼顾。为此,我们提出AudioCALM,将自回归的下一个词预测从离散标记扩展到连续音频潜变量:采用轻量级流匹配头替代softmax,预测每位置的修正流速度,并引入块因果自回归-流注意力模式,支持任意长度输出。多任务联合训练存在文本-音频不对称性:语音转录对齐特定时间区间,需紧密时序注意力;而声音与音乐描述仅表达整体语义,依赖扩散式整体注意力;混合两类数据会严重损害音效与音乐生成。我们从两方面解决此问题:一是重构数据使三类任务统一使用相同描述风格的条件输入;二是设计异构模态专家混合(A-MoME)架构,在保留主干网络基础上,为语音添加专用残差专家,非语音输入无额外推理开销。实验表明,AudioCALM在语音、声音和音乐生成基准上均达到或超越单模态先进水平,优于现有统一基线。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Unifying speech, sound, and music generation in one model is hindered by tradeoffs between fidelity, end-to-end training, in-context conditioning, and variable-length synthesis that no current paradigm fully resolves. To address this challenge, we present AudioCALM, a universal audio generation framework that extends autoregressive (AR) next-token prediction from discrete tokens to continuous audio latents: a thin flow-matching head replaces the softmax to predict rectified-flow velocities at each position, and a block-causal AR-Flow attention pattern produces arbitrary-length output. Joint training of multiple audio generation tasks faces an asymmetric text--audio mismatch: speech transcripts align to specific time spans and demand tight, time-aligned attention, whereas sound and music captions describe only overall semantics and rely on diffuse, holistic attention; mixing the two disproportionately degrades sound and music generation. We address this asymmetry at two levels: a data reformulation strategy that unifies all three tasks under a single description-style conditioning interface, and a novel architecture Asymmetric Mixture-of-Modality-Experts (A-MoME), which adds a dedicated residual expert for speech while sound and music share the backbone, incurring no inference overhead on non-speech inputs. Experimental results demonstrate that AudioCALM matches modality-specific state-of-the-art and outperforms prior unified baselines on speech, sound, and music generation benchmarks.
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