通过正负控制模式,避免音乐生成中的重复片段。
Attractive and Repulsive Pattern Control in Sequence Generation

- 用加权循环自动机检测目标模式,通过信念传播采样调控生成
- 负耦合使8-gram重复率下降,4-gram上下文覆盖提升,保留低阶支持
- 可探测模型吸引子、相变与滞后效应,适合音乐生成研究者
变阶马尔可夫模型通过自适应上下文长度保持局部符号语法,但长序列可能陷入高阶“隧道”:重复后缀、局部周期性段落或复制片段超过形式阶数。本文提出带符号的模式控制方法,结合BP-Regular采样。加权循环自动机计算目标模式激活值R,信念传播从比例于P₀(x) exp(βR(x))的分布中精确采样。负耦合使目标模式代价升高;正耦合则奖励模式,使其成为可控吸引子。目标模式可在线挖掘自生成材料,或由评分/风格词表提供,或作为实验探针。主要实验采用在线稳态情形,选择采样历史中过活跃的模式。在六组含时长的单声部音乐数据(含巴赫与泰勒曼作品)上,负分支显著降低8-gram自重复率,提升有效8-gram数量,扩大训练支持的4-gram上下文覆盖,同时保持较强的低阶支持。在五首魏玛爵士数据库独奏曲上的音高序列复制任务也呈现相同反重复特征。同一机制的正分支可用于探测底层变阶模型的吸引子盆地、相变与滞后现象。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Variable-order Markov models preserve local symbolic syntax by adapting context length, but long continuations can enter recurring high-order "tunnels": repeated suffixes, locally periodic passages, or copied fragments longer than the formal Markov order. This paper introduces signed pattern control for variable-order Markov generation with BP-Regular sampling. A weighted recurrence automaton computes an activation R for a chosen family of target patterns, and belief propagation samples exactly from P_beta(x) proportional to P_0(x) exp(beta R(x)). Negative coupling makes the target patterns costly during sampling; positive coupling rewards the same patterns and turns them into controlled attractors. The target family may be mined online from overactive generated material, supplied by a score or style vocabulary, or designed as an experimental probe. The main experiments use the online homeostatic case, choosing patterns that become overactive in the sampling history. On six duration-bearing monophonic sources, including Bach and Telemann material, the negative branch reduces generated 8-gram self-reuse, increases the effective number of generated 8-grams, and increases coverage of training-supported 4-gram contexts while preserving substantial lower-order support. A pitch-sequence replication on five Weimar Jazz Database solos gives the same anti-reuse signature outside Baroque material. The same signed mechanism also provides a positive branch for probing attractor basins, phase transitions, and hysteresis in the underlying variable-order model.
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