arXiv:2606.27228cs.CL2026-06

演化模型中词义与组合规则共进化,解释了量词语义普遍性。

Compositionality and the lexicon in evolutionary semantics

论文配图:Compositionality and the lexicon in evolutionary semantics
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 词义与组合规则在简化与准确的演化压力下共同进化
  • 保守性普遍性作为高效抽象在帕累托最优中自然出现
  • 适用于研究语法范畴内全局压缩与语义专业化问题

形式语义学表明句子意义通过递归组合词义生成,但多数语义普遍性研究采用固定信号结构的词典或无解析词项的整体组合。本文提出一个整合该核心洞见的演化建模框架,允许词义与组合函数在概念简洁性与沟通准确性压力下共演化。以量词意义演化为例,分析帕累托前沿发现,最著名的语义普遍性——保守性,作为一种高效的系统级抽象自然涌现。该模型对句法结构敏感,调和了量词习得实证证据与先前演化模型间的矛盾。结果表明,形式语义学构建的句子意义图景可有效结合演化建模。该框架为研究涉及语法范畴内全局压缩、句法论元语义专门化及词义与组合意义共演化等普遍性提供了通用模板。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Formal semantics has shown that sentence meanings arise by recursively composing lexical meanings, yet much of the literature on semantic universals models either lexicons with fixed signal structures or holistic composition without interpretable lexical parts. We introduce a framework that integrates this fundamental insight of formal semantics in evolutionary modeling, by allowing lexical meanings and a composition function to co-evolve under pressures for conceptual simplicity and communicative accuracy. We apply this framework to the evolution of quantificational meaning. Analyzing the Pareto frontier, we find that the most well-known semantic universal, conservativity, emerges as an efficient system-wide abstraction. The account is sensitive to syntactic structure and helps reconcile tensions between empirical evidence on quantifier learnability and prior evolutionary models. More broadly, the results demonstrate that the picture of sentential meaning developed in formal semantics can be productively combined with evolutionary modeling. The framework offers a template for studying universals that involve global compression within a grammatical category, semantic specialization of syntactic arguments, and the co-evolution of lexical and compositional meaning.

演化语义量词词义演化

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