arXiv:2606.30836cs.LGcs.NE2026-06

提出新方法,让多目标优化结果更易懂。

Partition-Guided Distance Saliency: Bridging Decision and Objective Spaces in Many-Objective Optimization

  • 用几何距离映射关系自动找优化方向
  • 在10目标问题中识别出驱动与阻碍因素
  • 适合需要解释优化结果的工程决策者

多目标优化(MaO)的可解释性正因帕累托前沿复杂度提升而受限,高维决策变量与目标结果之间的关系变得模糊。当目标数超过传统可视化能力时,决策者难以识别关键权衡或指定目标区域,陷入‘认知枯竭’。为此,我们提出分区引导的距离显著性(PGDS)框架,一种面向连续优化空间的新XAI方法。该框架通过三阶段流程实现自动化解释:首先,利用代理模型学习决策空间中的几何距离如何映射到目标空间的接近程度;其次,为解决高维下手动选目标的困难,自动将目标空间划分为若干区域,并识别局部‘主导点’作为自动优化目标;第三,通过扰动各决策变量并测量距离变化,量化其对解位置的影响,从而将变量分类为促进收敛的‘驱动者’或阻碍进步的‘阻碍者’。在10目标基准测试和一个物理信息工程问题(焊接梁)上的验证表明,PGDS提供了传统可视化和基于规则的XAI无法获得的差异化、可操作洞察。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Explainability in Many-Objective Optimization (MaO) is currently hindered by the escalating complexity of the Pareto front, which renders the relationship between high-dimensional decision variables and objective outcomes increasingly opaque. As the number of objectives exceeds the limits of traditional visualization, decision-makers encounter a ``cognitive drought'' in identifying relevant trade-offs or specifying target regions without a priori knowledge. To bridge this interpretability gap, we introduce the {Partition-Guided Distance Saliency (PGDS)} framework, a novel XAI approach designed for continuous optimization landscapes. Our framework automates the explanation process through a three-stage pipeline that prioritizes geometric intuition over abstract rules. First, we employ a surrogate model that learns how geometric distances in the decision space map to proximity in the objective space. Second, to address the difficulty of manual target selection in high dimensions, the framework automatically partitions the objective landscape into distinct regions and identifies local ``Dominating Points'' to serve as automated targets for improvement. Third, we quantify how sensitive a solution's position is to each decision variable by measuring the distance shifts induced by perturbations to each variable. This allows PGDS to categorize features as either ``Drivers'' which facilitate convergence toward preferred regions, or ``Blockers'' which represent geometric constraints hindering further progress. Validation on 10-objective benchmarks and a physics-informed engineering problem (Welded Beam) demonstrates that PGDS provides differentiated, actionable insights that traditional visualization and rule-based XAI methods fail to provide.

多目标优化可解释性自动化解释

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