提出MMM数据模型，让跨领域知识可自由表达且无缝互通。
The MMM Data Model -- A Normative Specification for Knowledge Interoperability in a Decentralisable Knowledge Commons
- 用有限规范约束+自由文本标签，平衡结构与灵活性。
- 支持多领域、多场景知识互操作，无需统一语义标准。
- 适合需要跨学科协作的研究者和系统开发者。
许多信息系统以文档为中心：自包含的单元，优化于印刷与线性阅读。虽然利于大规模传播，但限制了知识的组织、更新、共享与重用。形式化方法虽部分解决此问题，却因过于强调形式结构而难获广泛采纳，忽视人类可用性与应用范围。人工智能正重塑文档生成，但仍缺乏一种可移植的替代方案供人类表达与交流知识。本文提出MMM数据模型，源自跨学科协作的实际需求，置于信息系统的对比设计空间中进行定位。该模型通过少量规范约束与自由文本标签结合，实现跨学科、跨应用、跨部署的知识互操作，无需语义统一。参考实现与试点部署数据验证了其可行性与初步可用性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Many information systems are built around documents: self-contained units optimised for print production and linear reading. While effective for large-scale dissemination, the document-centric organisation constrains how knowledge can be structured, updated, shared, and reused. Formal approaches address some of these limitations but struggle to achieve widespread contribution and adoption due to their prioritisation of formal structure over other system properties such as human usability and scope. AI systems are reshaping document production, but without providing a unified portable alternative to traditional documents for humans' expression and exchange of knowledge. This paper presents MMM, a data model for knowledge documentation that emerged from the practical needs of interdisciplinary collaborative research, and positioned here within a comparative analysis of the design space of information systems. MMM combines a small set of normative constraints with the expressive freedom of free-text labels. It is designed for interoperability across disciplines, applications and deployments without requiring semantic convergence. A reference implementation and pilot deployment data demonstrate implementability and early usability.
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