轻量级验证器让自动驾驶轨迹实时纠错,无需重训
DriveVer: Lightweight Trajectory Evaluator as Test-Time Verifier for Autonomous Driving

- 用测试时扩展思想构建可插拔验证模块
- 3400万参数实现安全评分与轨迹修正双重功能
- 适配主流规划模型,适合部署在实时系统中
端到端自动驾驶模型常因训练规模扩大导致计算成本高、收益递减。现有规划器多采用一次生成范式,缺乏推理时的二次验证与主动修正机制,无法检测并修正次优或不安全轨迹。为此,我们提出DriveVer,一种轻量级、可插拔的测试时验证器,利用测试时扩展范式,在不需昂贵训练的前提下实现轨迹的验证与优化。基于NAVSIM基准,通过条件驱动聚类与基于自车状态和导航指令的平衡采样构建专用轨迹数据集。采用双头架构,高效融合候选轨迹与多视角视觉表示及自车运动学特征,同时预测安全置信度与绝对几何修正向量。在NAVSIM基准上的大量实验表明,DriveVer显著提升基线规划模型性能。值得注意的是,作为仅含3400万参数的极小模型,DriveVer引入极少计算开销,实现竞争性效果并保持实时推理效率。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
End-to-end autonomous driving models often encounter performance bottlenecks, as training-time scaling leads to high computational costs and diminishing marginal returns. Existing planners typically adopt a one-shot generation paradigm, lacking secondary validation and active correction mechanisms to detect and revise suboptimal or unsafe trajectories during inference. To address this issue, we propose DriveVer, a lightweight, plug-and-play Test-Time Verifier that leverages the test-time scaling paradigm to enable autonomous driving systems to validate and refine trajectories without costly and heavy training. We construct a dedicated trajectory dataset based on the NAVSIM benchmark through condition-driven clustering and balanced sampling according to ego-vehicle states and navigation commands. Employing a dual-head architecture, DriveVer efficiently fuses candidate trajectories with multi-view visual representations and ego-vehicle kinematic features to simultaneously predict a safety confidence score and an absolute geometric refinement vector. Extensive experiments on the NAVSIM benchmark show that DriveVer significantly improves the performance of base planning models. Notably, as an extremely compact model with only 34M parameters, DriveVer introduces minimal computational overhead, achieving competitive results while maintaining real-time inference efficiency.
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