arXiv:2607.00720cs.LGcs.AI2026-07

用主动学习提升无监督时间序列异常检测能力,显著增强对细微噪声异常的识别。

Detecting the Undetectable: Enhancing Unsupervised time series Anomaly Detection via Active Learning

论文配图:Detecting the Undetectable: Enhancing Unsupervised time series Anomaly Detection via Active Learning
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 通过掩码重建反馈和极小极大策略,强化模型对时间依赖性的学习。
  • 在4个数据集、7种模型上测试,平均AUC提升12.39%。
  • 适合工业场景中标签成本高、异常难判别的无监督异常检测任务。

尽管工业AI系统日益复杂,但在复杂时间序列数据中可靠检测细微且含噪的异常仍是关键挑战。大规模工业应用中,标注时间序列数据成本高昂,无监督学习成为主流方法。然而现有方法常难以区分近似正常与正常模式,且易受正常样本中的噪声污染影响。为此,我们提出一种新型框架,利用主动学习迭代提升无监督模型性能。核心贡献包括:(1) 掩码时间序列重建反馈策略,迫使模型学习鲁棒的时间依赖性;(2) 极小极大学习策略,通过差异化处理正常与异常样本提升鲁棒性。该过程促使模型更好地捕捉细微、含噪模式。框架在涉及四个多变量时间序列数据集、七种无监督主干模型的28个测试案例中评估,实验结果表明相比原模型平均AUC提升12.39%,验证了其可无缝集成至现有基于重构的无监督异常检测系统并显著提升性能。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Despite the increasing sophistication of industrial AI systems, the ability to reliably detect subtle and noisy anomalies in complex time series data remains a critical yet unresolved challenge. In large-scale industrial applications, labeling time series data is often prohibitively expensive and time-consuming, making unsupervised learning a practical and widely adopted approach. However, existing unsupervised methods frequently struggle to distinguish near-normal anomalies from normal patterns and are vulnerable to noise contamination within normal samples. To address these limitations, we propose a novel framework that leverages active learning to iteratively enhance the performance of unsupervised models. Our framework's core contributions are (1) a masked time-series reconstruction feedback strategy that forces the model to learn robust temporal dependencies, and (2) a minimax learning strategy that promotes robustness by differentially treating normal and abnormal samples. This process encourages the model to better capture the dynamics of subtle and noisy patterns. The proposed framework is evaluated across 28 test cases involving four multivariate time-series datasets and seven unsupervised backbone models. Experimental results demonstrate a 12.39% improvement in AUC compared to the original models, confirming that our method can be readily integrated into existing unsupervised reconstruction-based anomaly detection systems to significantly enhance their performance.

时间序列异常检测主动学习无监督

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