arXiv:2607.01767cs.AI2026-07

通过修复错误传播路径而非表面症状,实现高效稳定的世界模型纠错。

Repair the Amplifier, Not the Symptom: Stable World-Model Correction for Agent Rollouts

论文配图:Repair the Amplifier, Not the Symptom: Stable World-Model Correction for Agent Rollouts
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于谱分析选择关键节点与边,构建最小化修复子图。
  • 在有限上下文下显著提升长程推理稳定性,优于全图重试。
  • 适合需要高可靠性的长序列决策系统,如复杂任务代理。

长时序语言代理通常以规划图形式维护可执行的世界模型,其中工具调用、验证器、记忆更新、恢复分支和最终答案通过类型依赖连接。当推理失败时,仅修复表层错误可能导致根本性错误传播路径未被清除,而重放整个图代价高昂且对长上下文模型不可靠。本文研究世界模型纠错:选取一个紧凑的失败规划图子图进行修复,使其能稳定后续推演。我们首先构建一系列工程级纠错方法,包括逐点错误扫描、TopK与窗口选择、局部图扩展、级联修复及全上下文大模型修复。随后提出WM-SAR,一种基于谱的子图修复方法,通过估计节点-边的误差放大效应,贪婪地沿残差谱缓解方向扩展连通修复区域,并仅将该区域发送给大模型进行根因修复。理论上,我们将残差谱半径与推演误差及规划遗憾相联系,支持修复作为稳定化而非单纯归因。在合成调用树图、基准启发式代理拓扑以及跨模型大模型修复实验中,WM-SAR在紧凑令牌预算下实现更强的长时序稳定性和根因恢复能力,效果媲美更大修复上下文,同时使大模型仅处理更清晰的因果子图。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Long-horizon language agents increasingly maintain executable world models in the form of planning graphs, where tool calls, validators, memory updates, recovery branches, and final answers are connected by typed dependencies. When a rollout fails, repairing the most visible error can leave the underlying error-amplification path intact, while replaying the full graph is expensive and difficult for long-context models to use reliably. We study world-model correction: selecting a compact subgraph of a failed planning graph whose repair stabilizes subsequent rollouts. We first instantiate a strong family of engineering correctors, including pointwise error scans, TopK and window selection, local graph expansion, cascade repair, and full-context LLM repair. We then propose WM-SAR, a spectral subgraph repair method that estimates node-edge amplification, greedily grows a connected repair region by marginal residual-spectral relief, and sends only this region to an LLM for root-cause repair. Theoretically, we connect residual spectral radius to rollout error and planning regret, motivating repair as stabilization rather than attribution alone. Across synthetic calling-tree graphs, benchmark-inspired agent topologies, and cross-model LLM repair experiments, WM-SAR achieves stronger long-horizon stabilization and root-cause recovery under compact token budgets, matching much larger repair contexts while exposing the LLM to a cleaner causal subgraph.

世界模型纠错机制长序列推理

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