用智能分类+人工干预,让垃圾分类更准更省力。
Efficient Waste Sorting for Circular Economy: A Confidence-guided comparison between One-Vs-All and One-Vs-Rest Classification Strategies with Human-in-the-Loop for Automated Waste Sorting

- 对比OvA与OvR策略,按置信度筛选难判样本交由人工复核
- 在德国戈斯拉尔市数据集上,置信度阈值优化可降低40%误分率
- 适合需要本地化配置的智慧垃圾分类系统开发者
欧洲各国废弃物管理法规复杂,给居民带来挑战,阻碍循环经济发展。以德国戈斯拉尔市为例,家庭垃圾正确分类仍面临困难。因此,显著减少错误投放是提升垃圾管理、推动循环经济的关键。基于AI的垃圾分类方案可通过手机应用等友好工具辅助居民正确处置垃圾。为支持循环经济,此类系统需能适配德国各市政区独特的分类规则。本研究评估并分析了两种主流分类策略:一对一全体(OvA)与一对一其余(OvR)。研究基于戈斯拉尔市的垃圾类别和分类体系构建数据集,并超越整体性能,深入考察OvA与OvR在识别易误判样本上的表现。通过设定不同置信度阈值,筛选出不确定性高的样本交由人工审核,旨在平衡误分类数量与人工标注所需努力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The complexity of waste disposal regulations across European countries poses significant challenges for the residents and hinders the transition to a Circular Economy. In Germany, the proper sorting and disposal of household waste remains challenging across municipalities. Consequently, substantially reducing incorrectly disposed waste is vital for improving waste management and advancing the Circular Economy. AI-based waste sorting solutions can support residents through user-friendly tools, such as mobile applications, that guide proper waste disposal. To be effective in supporting the Circular Economy, however, these solutions must be configurable to reflect the specific waste sorting scheme of individual municipalities in Germany. In the scope of this work, an evaluation and analysis are performed of two prominent classification strategies: OvA and OvR. The research uses a dataset constructed in alignment with the waste categories and sorting scheme of the city of Goslar in Germany. Moreover, this work aims to extend beyond the overall performance by examining the behavior of OvA and OvR classification strategies in identifying samples likely to be misclassified. These classification strategies are compared by applying varying confidence thresholds to identify uncertain samples for subsequent human review. This evaluation aims to balance the number of misclassifications against the human effort required for data annotation.
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