解决无线设备指纹识别在异构接收端的误判问题,提升安全防御能力。
Cross-Receiver Open-Set Radio Frequency Fingerprinting via Structure-First Adaptation
- 通过结构锚定与拒识对齐联合优化,稳定注册设备的识别特征
- 在真实场景下实现95.8%开集分类率,误报率低至4.69%
- 适合物联网等动态网络中高安全性设备认证场景
射频指纹识别(RFFI)为动态物联网和自组织网络提供关键物理层安全机制。然而,这些网络的去中心化与开放性带来两大部署挑战:凭证需在分布分散、异构的接收端可靠传输,且必须有效拒绝未注册的非法流量。跨接收端硬件差异会降低注册设备的置信度,且可能使未知恶意发射机误入高置信已知区域,导致误接受。为此,我们提出CRODA-ST,一种联合优化框架,将判别性结构锚定(DSA)与拒识导向对齐(ROA)结合。在该框架中,DSA为偏移的注册设备建立稳定的已知语义基础,而ROA则正则化控制未知恶意流量的开集决策边界。在标准WiSig设置下,CRODA-ST在90%真正率下达到0.9580的开集分类率(OSCR)和0.0469的假阳性率(FPR90)。通过可控的LoRa模拟,在源端校准部署点(rho = 0.80)下,评估中目标未知的误接受率(FAR)降至0.0075。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Radio frequency fingerprint identification (RFFI) provides a critical physical-layer security mechanism for dynamic Internet of Things (IoT) and ad hoc networks. However, the decentralized and open nature of these networks imposes two strict deployment criteria: the credential must transfer reliably across physically dispersed, heterogeneous receivers, and it must decisively reject unregistered rogue traffic. Cross-receiver hardware shifts depress the confidence of registered devices and may also place unseen rogue transmitters in high-confidence known regions under naive domain adaptation, increasing false acceptance. To address these risks, we propose CRODA-ST, a joint optimization framework that couples Discriminative Structure Anchoring (DSA) with Rejection Oriented Alignment (ROA). Within this coupled objective, DSA establishes a stable target-known semantic foundation for shifted registered devices, while ROA regularizes the open-set decision boundaries governing rejection of unseen rogue transmitters. In the canonical WiSig setting, CRODA-ST achieves an open-set classification rate (OSCR) of 0.9580 and a target-domain false positive rate of 0.0469 at a 90% true positive rate (FPR90). A controllable LoRa simulation provides a complementary diagnostic under synthesized hardware distortions. At the distinct source-calibrated deployment operating point with rho = 0.80, CRODA-ST yields a target-unknown false acceptance rate (FAR) of 0.0075 in the evaluated setting.
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