为多工具AI代理链设计实时动态安全策略,防止组合违规。
Securing Multi-Tool AI Agent Chains With Dynamic, Real-Time Compositional Policies

- 用最严格策略合成算法预判工具组合风险,阻止不兼容组合执行。
- 运行时追踪数据敏感度,发现违规暴露即刻终止会话,阻断漏洞扩散。
- 适用于需严格合规的组织,如金融、政务等高敏感场景部署。
当前前沿的编程类AI代理在运行时动态调用多个工具,形成传统单工具防护无法覆盖的安全面。本文提出动态安全控制合成器(DSCC),分两阶段实现多工具链的组合式安全:第一阶段在会话开始时,通过最严格集合(MRS)算法将各工具安全策略合并为单一有效策略,保证链路扩展只会收紧限制,提前拦截不兼容组合;所有工具调用输出的分类约束会传递至会话级污点状态,后续调用必须满足已见最严格约束。第二阶段在运行时,系统通过单调污点状态追踪代理所触数据的敏感性,若累积暴露超出阈值则立即撤销会话。两者构成纵深防御机制。我们在32个工具上实现参考系统,受16项符合NIST SP 800-53标准的策略管控,评估两种组合模式:默认清查模式下,阻断79.2%的策略对和95.5%的三元组;污点模式允许跨分类链在泄露边界内运行,阻断42.5%和60.5%。论文讨论了组织在部署多工具代理时的治理挑战,包括效用与安全权衡及链路感知策略的落地需求。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Modern AI agent implementations such as frontier coding agents chain multiple tools at runtime that create a security surface that per-tool guardrails are unable to address, as individually permitted tools can violate organizational policies when composed. We propose the Dynamic Security Control Compositor (DSCC), a two-phase approach to compositional security for multi-tool agent chains. In Phase 1, at session checkout, a Most Restrictive Set (MRS) algorithm composes per-tool security policies into a single effective policy with a formal monotonicity invariant that extending a chain can only tighten the result, blocking incompatible combinations before any tool executes. Outputs of any tool call propagate their classification constraints into a session-level taint state, so subsequent invocations must satisfy the most restrictive constraints seen so far. In Phase 2, at runtime, the system tracks the sensitivity of data the agent touches through a monotonic taint state and revokes the session if the accumulated exposure would make a subsequent tool call a policy violation. Together, these phases provide defense in depth, where static composition prevents unsafe chains from starting, and runtime taint tracking catches violations that emerge from the specific data used. We provide a reference implementation on 32 tools governed by 16 NIST SP 800-53 aligned policies and evaluate it under two composition modes. In the default clearance mode, permitted combinations are partitioned into classification-level clusters, blocking 79.2% of policy pairs and 95.5% of triples. The alternative taint mode admits mixed-classification chains within the exfiltration boundary, blocking 42.5% and 60.5% respectively. We discuss the governance implications for organizations deploying multi-tool agents, including the utility-security tradeoff and the changes needed to operationalize chain-aware policies.
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