arXiv:2607.03517cs.LGcs.CV2026-07

提出基于高斯混合模型的布朗桥扩散模型调度设计方法,提升图像修复质量。

Mixture-of-Gaussians-Guided Schedule Design for Brownian Bridge Diffusion Models

论文配图:Mixture-of-Gaussians-Guided Schedule Design for Brownian Bridge Diffusion Models
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 引入高斯混合先验分析反向过程,获得闭式理想后验与最优去噪器。
  • 设计基于Wasserstein和MSE的双目标调度准则,实现感知质量与重建保真度平衡。
  • 理论证明通用调度方案不依赖退化类型,适用于多种图像修复任务。

布朗桥扩散模型(BBDM)通过从干净信号直接构建到退化观测的随机桥,为图像修复与逆问题提供了有吸引力的框架。然而,桥接调度的选择通常依赖启发式方法,缺乏系统的分析框架。本文通过引入高斯混合(MoG)先验,对BBDM反向动态进行新颖分析,得到闭式理想后验及相应最小均方误差(MMSE)去噪器,并通过可解析的代理模型刻画BBDM诱导的重构规律。基于此,我们提出了两个互补的调度设计目标:一个基于Wasserstein距离以优化感知质量,另一个基于均方误差(MSE)以保证重建保真度。我们的工作揭示了两者之间的内在权衡,并证明存在独立于退化和先验的通用调度方案。在受控的MoG设置下,实验验证了理论与实践的高度一致;在FFHQ数据集上,针对图像修复、去模糊和超分辨率任务的实验进一步证实了所提调度准则的实际价值。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Brownian Bridge Diffusion Models (BBDM) offer an appealing framework for image restoration and inverse problems by constructing a stochastic bridge from the clean signal directly to the degraded observation, rather than to pure noise. Despite their promise, the choice of bridge schedule is typically inherited from heuristics, and a principled analytical framework for schedule design has been lacking. In this work, we develop such a framework by offering a novel analysis of BBDM reverse dynamics under a Mixture-of-Gaussians (MoG) prior. This setting yields a closed-form ideal posterior and a corresponding MMSE denoiser, while the BBDM-induced reconstruction law is captured analytically through a tractable surrogate. Building on these expressions, we formulate two complementary schedule-design objectives: a Wasserstein criterion targeting perceptual quality and an MSE criterion targeting reconstruction fidelity. Our work exposes an inherent tradeoff between the two and proves the existence of universal schedules for both that are independent of the degradation and prior. Extensive experiments on controlled MoG settings confirm full alignment between theory and practice, and experiments on the FFHQ dataset across inpainting, deblurring, and super-resolution tasks validate the practical value of our schedule-design criteria.

扩散模型图像修复调度设计高斯混合

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