让机器人团队在未知环境、伙伴和规模下自动协作,无需重训。
Multi-Robot Open Adaptive Teaming Across Unseen Environments, Partners, and Scales

- 用超图博弈建模多机协作关系,突破成对互动限制。
- 训练时动态扩展伙伴与环境多样性,适应能力更强。
- 直接部署到真实无人机和四足机器人,零微调成功运行。
现实世界中部署机器人团队需同时适应未知环境、未知队友和变化的团队规模,但现有方法常孤立处理这些挑战,且基于固定队友的封闭假设。本文提出开放自适应多机器人协作新范式,并构建超图形式博弈模型,捕捉超越成对交互的团队级协作关系,为动态变更队友时的协调结构推断提供理论基础。该模型是博弈论构造,不同于图神经网络,用于刻画智能体间策略互动与收益结构。在此基础上,提出超图开放式学习算法(HOLA),在训练中逐步扩展队友与环境多样性,而非针对固定配置优化。在多无人机与多四足平台的协同追捕任务中,HOLA在所有三个适应维度上均优于所有基线。所学策略可直接部署至物理硬件,无需微调,在Crazyflie与Zsibot L1平台上成功实现新型环境中与未知队友的鲁棒协作。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Deploying robot teams in the real world requires simultaneous adaptation to unseen environments, unknown partners, and varying team sizes, yet existing approaches often address these challenges in isolation under the closed-world assumption of fixed teammates. We formalize this as open adaptive multi-robot teaming and propose a hypergraphic-form game formulation that captures team-level cooperative relationships beyond pairwise interactions, providing a principled foundation for coordination structure inference when team composition changes dynamically within episodes. Unlike graph neural network architectures, this is a game-theoretic construct for modeling strategic interactions and payoff structures among agents. Building on this formulation, we develop the Hypergraphic Open-ended Learning Algorithm (HOLA), which progressively expands partner and environment diversity during training rather than optimizing for fixed configurations. Evaluated on cooperative pursuit with multi-drone and multi-quadruped platforms, HOLA outperforms all baselines across all three adaptability dimensions. Learned policies transfer directly to physical hardware without fine-tuning, with successful deployments on Crazyflie and Zsibot L1 platforms confirming robust real-world coordination in novel environments with unseen teammates.
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