让价值观检测更符合人类价值的内在关系,提升标签一致性。
Beyond Independent Labels: Schwartz-Geometry Decoding for Human Value Detection
- 引入舒瓦茨理论的连续结构作为输出空间几何,指导标签预测
- 后处理解码器使标签组合更符合理论连续性,且不损失准确率
- 适合关注语义合理性的价值观分析与伦理对齐研究者
人类价值观检测通常被建模为在19个精细划分的舒瓦茨价值观上的句子级多标签分类,传统方法将标签视为独立预测。然而,舒瓦茨理论认为这些价值观构成一个环形动机连续体,相邻价值相容,对立价值存在张力。本文探讨是否可将此结构作为显式输出空间几何,并以软约束形式注入模型。在DeBERTa-v3-base基础上,对比两种方式:训练时引入几何感知目标,以及推理时使用舒瓦茨感知能量解码器联合评分所有标签组合。五次随机种子实验显示,训练时几何引导仅带来有限提升,且在真实连续体与随机排序间无显著差异;而解码器显著提升标签集与理论连续性的契合度(通过新提出的理论感知一致性指标衡量),同时保持宏/微平均F1不变(由选择规则保证)。该增益仅出现在真实舒瓦茨排序下,随机排列或经验共现图则无此效果。有限规模的Qwen2.5-72B-Instruct诊断表明,推理时提供连续体可改变行为,但未达到监督结构化预测效果。因此,理论感知解码提供了一种轻量、可控的方法,使价值检测更忠实于其标签空间结构。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Human value detection is commonly formulated as sentence-level multi-label classification over the 19 refined Schwartz values, typically predicted as independent labels. Schwartz theory, however, describes them as a circular motivational continuum, in which adjacent values are compatible and opposing values are in tension. We ask whether this structure can be operationalized as an explicit output-space geometry and used as a soft bias rather than a hard constraint. On a DeBERTa-v3-base classifier, we compare two ways of injecting it: training-time geometry-aware objectives and a post-hoc Schwartz-aware energy decoder that scores whole label sets jointly. Across five seeds, training-time geometry gives only limited gains-no larger for the true continuum than for a random ordering-whereas the decoder makes label sets more coherent with the continuum-on theory-aware coherence metrics we introduce-at no cost to Macro-F1 or Micro-F1 (held fixed by its selection rule). The gain is specific to the true Schwartz ordering: it does not appear for a random permutation or an empirical co-occurrence graph through the identical decoder. A bounded Qwen2.5-72B-Instruct diagnostic shows that supplying the continuum at inference shifts behavior but does not match supervised structured prediction. Theory-aware decoding thus offers a lightweight, controllable way to make value detection faithful to its label space.
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