学生比教师更早掌握生成式AI创作技能,但缺乏基础理解。
The GenAI Skill Bypass: Mapping Divergent Pathways of University Students and Staff AI Literacy

- 用心理测量法分析158人自评数据,发现学生技能掌握顺序与教师相反。
- 学生在未掌握基础概念前就能完成高阶创作任务,相关性仅0.188。
- 揭示“技能跳过”现象,适合教育设计者参考优化教学模块。
高等教育机构正推动学生与教职员工发展生成式人工智能(GenAI)素养,通常通过培训项目和课程嵌入实现。现有教育框架普遍假设素养发展呈线性路径,即需先掌握技术基础才能进行创造性应用。本文基于158名参与者对分类自评工具的评估,采用Rasch测量理论与Guttman排序分析,揭示了学生、教师及专业人员在感知技能难度上的根本差异:教师呈现传统线性路径,而学生则表现出“倒置”特征——常在缺乏基础概念理解的情况下已能完成高阶创作任务。此外,学生与教师间技能难度的相关性较弱(r = 0.188)。研究指出这种“技能跳过”导致虚假熟练感,高自我效能的提示能力掩盖了对AI机制的低理解度。结果挑战了‘一刀切’课程模式,为诊断驱动、模块化干预提供了实证依据,以促进真正的师生与AI协同。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Higher education institutions are increasingly expected to ensure that both students and staff develop Generative AI (GenAI) literacies. In response, they are introducing professional development programs and embedding GenAI skills within student curricula. However, current educational frameworks typically assume a linear progression of GenAI literacy, implying that foundational technical understanding must precede creative application. This paper challenges such an assumption through a psychometric analysis of a taxonomy-based self-assessment instrument (n = 158). We applied Rasch measurement theory and Guttman ordering to map the latent perceived order of difficulty of GenAI skills across students, academics, and professional staff. Results reveal a fundamental divergence in perceived competence profiles: while academics follow a more traditional linear path, students exhibit an "inverted" profile, frequently mastering high-level creation tasks before acquiring foundational conceptual understanding. Furthermore, the correlation of skill difficulty between students and academics was weak (r = 0.188). We argue that this "skill bypass" creates a fragile sense of fluency, where high self-efficacy in prompting masks low literacy in AI mechanics. These findings challenge the "one-size-fits-all" curricula and provide the empirical basis for diagnostic-driven, modular interventions that foster genuine human-AI synergy.
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