AI如何重塑STEM教育？研究揭示其从知识传授转向能力培养的机制。
Why does AI unlock new possibilities in STEM education? A Bibliometric Analysis of Trends and Future Agenda
- 基于242篇文献构建知识图谱，追踪2015-2025年发展脉络。
- 大模型推动教育重心从智能辅导转向探究式学习与计算思维培养。
- AI通过智能支架降低理解门槛，成为能力发展核心驱动力。
STEM教育面临个性化与跨学科融合的挑战。人工智能技术带来了新可能，但其重塑教育生态的机制亟需系统研究。本研究采用文献计量方法，分析2015至2025年间242篇文献，构建知识地图以揭示演进轨迹。结果表明，该领域已从智能辅导系统演变为由大语言模型（LLMs）驱动的探究式学习与计算思维培养。人工智能的关键贡献在于提供智能支架，有效降低知识理解门槛。在此意义上，AI是推动教育从知识传递向能力发展转型的核心驱动力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
STEM education faces challenges in personalization and interdisciplinary integration. AI technology has brought new possibilities, but the mechanisms by which AI reshapes the STEM education ecosystem require systematic investigation. This study employs bibliometric methods to analyze 242 publications from 2015-2025, constructing knowledge maps to reveal the evolutionary trajectory. The findings show that the field has transformed from intelligent tutoring systems to inquiry-based learning and computational thinking cultivation driven by LLMs. AI's key contribution lies in providing intelligent scaffolding that lowers the threshold for understanding knowledge. In this sense, AI is a core driving force promoting its shift from knowledge transmission to capability development.
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