将预测与压缩融合，用对比学习提升无线信道反馈精度。
Contrastive Predictive Coding with Compression for Enhanced Channel State Feedback in Wireless Networks
- 用对比预测编码联合优化压缩与未来信道预测
- 32倍降低解码计算量，重建准确率超90%
- 适配3GPP标准，适合资源受限的终端设备
精确及时的信道状态信息（CSI）对下一代无线系统至关重要，但现有研究在学术界和3GPP标准中均将信道压缩与预测视为独立问题，导致信道老化问题未被充分解决。本文提出一种统一的压缩-预测框架，将对比预测编码（CPC）直接集成至3GPP兼容的压缩架构中。不直接预测高维CSI矩阵，而是预测未来的潜在表示，并通过联合1-SGCS与InfoNCE目标函数，同时优化重建保真度与时间预测一致性。该设计实现时间表征学习而无需增加反馈开销。提出两种变体：CPC-before-Compression在量化前对编码特征进行自回归建模；CPC-after-Compression将时序建模移至基站，降低用户设备复杂度。在诺基亚、欧珀、中电科提供的3GPP合规数据集上评估显示，CPC-before-Compression在保持64位反馈开销下，重建准确率超过90%，解码器计算量比3GPP基线降低32倍；而CPC-after-Compression维持相同编码器开销与反馈长度。该框架在标准化流程中实现抗老化、低计算负担的信道反馈方案。源代码已公开：https://github.com/AhmedRadwan02/cpc-3gpp
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Accurate and timely channel state information (CSI) is essential for next-generation wireless systems, yet existing works treat CSI compression and CSI prediction as separate problems, both in academia and in current 3GPP studies. Consequently, channel aging remains insufficiently addressed within standardized CSI feedback pipelines. In this article, we propose a unified compression-prediction framework that integrates Contrastive Predictive Coding (CPC) directly into the 3GPP-compliant CSI compression architecture. Instead of predicting high-dimensional CSI matrices, our approach forecasts future latent representations and jointly optimizes reconstruction fidelity and temporal predictive coherence via a combined 1-SGCS and InfoNCE objective. This design enables temporal representation learning without increasing feedback overhead. We present two variants: CPC-before-Compression, which performs autoregressive modeling on encoded features prior to quantization, and CPC-after-Compression, which shifts temporal modeling to the base-station to reduce the complexity of users' devices. Evaluations on 3GPP-compliant datasets from Nokia, Oppo, and CATT show that CPC-before-Compression achieves over 90% reconstruction accuracy with 32x lower decoder GFLOPs than the 3GPP baseline, while CPC-after-Compression preserves an identical encoder footprint and the same 64-bit feedback overhead. By unifying compression and prediction within a standardized pipeline, the proposed framework provides an age-aware, computationally efficient CSI feedback solution. The source code is publicly available at: https://github.com/AhmedRadwan02/cpc-3gpp
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