让AI理解工业设计意图,自动生成可编辑的高精度零件模型。
ArtisanCAD: An Industrial-Level CAD Agent with Expert-Grounded Knowledge Distillation

- 用专家操作记录提炼可复用的设计技能,构建可执行的中间表示
- 在文本提示模糊时仍能生成符合要求的完整CAD程序,错误率降33%
- 适合需要快速生成工业级可编辑模型的研发团队使用
工业级零部件的计算机辅助设计(CAD)需支持长周期流程建模、稳定的特征依赖关系、可编辑参数化几何体及生产级边界表示(B-Rep)执行。现有文本转CAD方法在用户提示模糊或仅描述高层设计意图时表现不佳,且极少利用工业流程中自然存在的专家知识,如CATIA操作记录、宏日志、图纸注释与工程说明。本文提出ArtisanCAD,一种基于专家知识蒸馏的工业级CAD智能体。其核心是CAD中间表示(CAD-IR),一种可执行的程序化表示,包含参数、操作顺序、MCP工具绑定、依赖关系、生成实体及验证规则。CAD-IR一方面用于将专家流程转化为可复用的参数化技能;另一方面作为程序骨架,将模糊或中等水平提示转化为完整可执行的CAD操作。ArtisanCAD通过检索专家技能、实例化并修正CAD-IR,借助专用CATIA-MCP后端执行,并利用多视角视觉反馈进行迭代优化,最终生成生产级B-Rep模型。在Text2CAD基准上,面对中等提示,CAD-IR将平均切比雪夫距离从14.83降至9.88,证明其有效弥合文本意图与可执行建模之间的差距。在四个复杂汽车部件上,成功将专家CATIA操作记录蒸馏为可复用技能,使ArtisanCAD能够为新变体请求生成可编辑的原生CATIA B-Rep模型。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Computer-aided design (CAD) for industrial components requires long-horizon procedural modeling, robust feature dependencies, editable parametric geometry, and production-grade B-Rep execution. Existing text-to-CAD methods have made promising progress in generating CAD programs from natural-language descriptions, but they still struggle when user prompts are ambiguous, underspecified, or only describe high-level design intent. They also rarely exploit expert procedural knowledge naturally available in industrial workflows, such as CATIA operation recordings, macro logs, drawing notes, and engineering descriptions. We present ArtisanCAD, a skill-guided industrial CAD agent with expert-grounded knowledge distillation. The core of ArtisanCAD is CAD intermediate representation (CAD-IR), an executable procedural representation that encodes parameters, ordered operations, MCP tool bindings, dependencies, generated entities, and verification rules. CAD-IR plays two key roles: it first serves as the carrier for distilling expert CAD procedures into reusable parameterized skills; then it provides a procedural scaffold that turns vague or intermediate-level prompts into complete executable CAD operations. ArtisanCAD retrieves expert-derived skills, instantiates and revises CAD-IR, executes the resulting procedure through a dedicated CATIA-MCP backend, and uses multi-view visual feedback for iterative refinement, and finally generates production-ready B-Rep models. On the Text2CAD benchmark, CAD-IR improves generation from intermediate prompts by reducing mean Chamfer Distance from $14.83$ to $9.88$, showing its ability to bridge ambiguous textual intent and executable CAD construction. On four complex automotive components, CAD-IR enables expert CATIA recordings to be distilled into reusable skills, allowing ArtisanCAD to generate editable CATIA-native B-Rep models for new variant requests.
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