生成多样镜头的逼真散焦模糊数据集,提升去模糊模型跨设备泛化能力
Realistic Compound-Lens Defocus Blur Synthesis

- 基于波光学原理模拟镜头点扩散函数,结合深度感知渲染与相机处理流程
- 构建大规模合成数据集CLDefocus,涵盖多种镜头特性,提升真实感
- 解决真实数据集偏差问题,使训练模型在不同设备上表现更稳定
散焦模糊会破坏图像细节并影响视觉任务表现。尽管现有深度学习去模糊方法性能较强,但其效果依赖训练数据,且在不同相机和镜头间泛化能力有限,主要因现有数据集光学多样性与真实感不足。本文提出一种合成多样化复合镜头散焦模糊数据集的全流程方法:通过Debye CZT传播实现高效波光学点扩散函数计算,结合深度感知散焦渲染与遮挡处理,并在辐射线性空间中模拟相机ISP流程完成模糊合成。该统一框架可规模化生成高保真散焦图像对。基于此,我们构建了大型合成数据集CLDefocus,包含多种镜头特性的散焦图像对。进一步分析发现真实采集数据集存在缺陷,可能引入全参考评估偏差。大量实验表明,使用CLDefocus训练的模型相比现有真实与合成数据集,具备更强的跨设备泛化能力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Defocus blur degrades fine image structures and limits visual perception, which can adversely affect downstream vision tasks. Although recent deep learning deblurring methods have achieved strong performance, their effectiveness depends on training data and often degrades across cameras and lenses due to limited optical diversity and realism in existing datasets. In this paper, we propose a pipeline for synthesizing realistic defocus deblurring datasets for diverse compound lenses. It integrates efficient wave-optics PSF computation via Debye CZT propagation, depth-aware defocus rendering with occlusion handling, and blur synthesis in the radiometrically linear space with camera ISP simulation. This unified pipeline enables the scalable generation of photorealistic defocus datasets with diverse lens characteristics. Using our pipeline, we generate CLDefocus, a large-scale synthetic dataset containing lens-diverse defocus image pairs. We further analyze the limitations of real-captured defocus datasets and show that such imperfections can bias full-reference evaluation. Extensive experiments demonstrate that models trained on CLDefocus achieve improved cross-device generalization compared to models trained on existing real and synthetic datasets.
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