用分窗先验生成跨模态CT,更准且保留关键结构
WING: A Window-Prior-Based Generative Network with Gated Inception for Cross-Modality CT Synthesis

- 将CT重建分解为多个窗口化预测,利用结构确定性先验
- 多窗口融合后重建的CT在多个数据集上达到最优性能
- 单模型支持多器官合成,适合放疗精准规划场景
从MRI和CBCT生成CT体积可提升自适应放疗中的治疗规划,同时避免额外辐射暴露。然而,直接回归CT强度面临动态范围大、长尾分布的问题,导致稀疏但临床重要的结构被平均掉。为此,我们重新定义回归目标为多个窗口化表示,利用CT强度具有结构确定性和窗口可分性的归纳先验。这些窗口视图呈现更平滑的分布,并支持结构化融合回全动态范围的CT。基于此重构,我们提出WING:1)一种新的门控卷积生成器,用于生成多窗口预测,实现多形状核交互以捕捉跨模态对应关系;2)一个融合与精炼变换器,聚合窗口输出并学习残差以增强细节;3)联合对抗训练目标,提升窗口条件下的真实性。大量实验表明,紧凑的WING在MRI-to-CT和CBCT-to-CT基准上达到领先性能,且单模型支持多器官合成。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Generating CT volumes from MRI and CBCT can improve treatment planning in adaptive radiotherapy while avoiding additional radiation exposure. However, direct regression of CT intensities is challenged by the inherently high dynamic range and long-tailed distributions, thereby averaging out sparse yet clinically important structures. To alleviate this issue, we reformulate the regression target into multiple windowed representations, leveraging the inductive prior that CT intensities are structure-deterministic and window-separable. These windowed views exhibit smoother distributions and admit structured fusion back to the full-range CT. Building on this reformulation, we introduce WING, a WINdow-prior-based Generative network comprising: 1) a new Gated Inception Generator to produce multi-window predictions, enabling multi-shape kernel interactions to capture cross-modality correspondence; 2) a Fuse-and-Refine Transformer to aggregate the windowed outputs and learn residuals for detail refinement; and 3) a joint adversarial training objective to enhance window-conditioned realism. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our compact WING achieves state-of-the-art performance on the MRI-to-CT and CBCT-to-CT benchmarks, while supporting multi-anatomy synthesis with a single model.
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