通过任务分解与动态重排序,提升智能体在复杂任务中精准选技能的能力。
Task Decomposition-Guided Reranking for Adaptive Agent Skill Retrieval

- 将任务和技能分解为子任务与执行状态,构建有向无环图建模对应关系。
- 在多个基准上提升任务成功率,减少环境交互步数与令牌消耗。
- 适合需要高精度技能选择的复杂任务场景,尤其适用于大模型智能体系统。
技能使用能显著增强现代智能体系统完成复杂任务的能力。然而,技能库规模扩大使得精准选技能愈发困难。现实场景中,特定任务需求与多个通用但语义相似的候选技能之间常出现模糊匹配。此外,现有方法往往忽略任务难度与技能适用性对最优技能集选择的动态影响。为此,我们提出 SkillReranker,一个用于自适应技能选择的推理阶段重排序框架。首先对任务与技能侧进行语义分解,生成具有信息量的子任务与执行状态描述,以及刻画每个技能功能的转换状态描述。这些描述被用于构建有向无环执行图,其中中间任务状态作为节点,候选技能作为边,从而建立结构化的任务-技能对应关系。在此基础上,SkillReranker 判定每个状态节点是否满足拆分条件,以识别子任务区间。针对每个任务区间,采用交叉编码器对候选技能进行综合评分,选出最合适的技能组成最终目标技能集。在 ALFWorld 与 ScienceWorld 上,使用三种骨干大模型的实验表明,SkillReranker 有效提升了任务性能,减少了环境交互步数,并降低了令牌消耗,优于现有技能选择基线。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Skill usage can significantly enhance the ability of modern agent systems to complete complex tasks. However, the growing scale of skill libraries makes accurate skill selection increasingly challenging. In real-world scenarios, ambiguous semantic matching often arises between a specific task requirement and multiple generic yet semantically similar candidate skills. Moreover, existing methods tend to overlook the dynamic influence of task difficulty and skill applicability when selecting the optimal target skill set. To address these issues, we propose SkillReranker, an inference-time reranking framework for adaptive skill selection. Specifically, we first perform semantic decomposition on both the task and skill sides, yielding informative subtask and execution-state descriptions as well as transition-state descriptions that characterize each skill's functionality. These descriptions are then used to construct a directed acyclic execution graph, where intermediate task states are modeled as nodes and candidate skills as edges, thereby establishing a structured task-skill correspondence. On this basis, SkillReranker determines whether each state node satisfies the split condition to identify subtask intervals. For each task interval, we employ a cross-encoder to perform comprehensive scoring over candidate skills and select the most suitable ones to form the final target skill set. Experiments on ALFWorld and ScienceWorld with three backbone LLMs show that SkillReranker effectively improves task performance, reduces environment interaction steps, and lowers token consumption compared with existing skill selection baselines.
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