用自动生成的多语言文本增强语音情感分析,效果显著。
Audio Sentiment Analysis via Distillation and Cross-Modal Integration of Generated Multilingual Transcripts

- 用ASR和机器翻译生成多语言文本,与音频融合分析
- 多语言文本使情感分类准确率大幅提升,比单模态高3.2%
- 知识蒸馏让纯音频模型性能提升,推理零开销
自动识别语音中的情感(正/负)是一项挑战,需同时分析语调与语义。现有方法依赖音频基础模型,但其是否全面捕捉信息尚不明确。本文提出一种多模态方案:通过自动语音识别(ASR)生成文本转录,并利用机器翻译工具将转录译为多种语言,构建多语言文本模态;再通过级联式跨模态变换器逐层融合音频与多语言文本特征。进一步将多模态模型(教师)的知识蒸馏到仅音频输入的模型(学生)中。在大规模数据集上的实验表明,自动生成的文本信息可显著提升多模态情感极性分类性能。消融实验证明,自动转录和自动翻译均有效。此外,蒸馏后的音频模型性能提升,推理阶段无额外计算开销。代码已公开于https://github.com/andreidurdun/cross-modal-audio-sentiment。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Automatically recognizing the sentiment, positive or negative, from speech is a challenging task, requiring both the analysis of vocal inflections and the interpretation of uttered words. Recent solutions rely on audio foundation models to solve the task, but it remains unclear if such models can take all aspects into account. To this end, we propose a multimodal solution that integrates audio and text information via cross-modal transformers, where text transcripts are automatically generated via an automatic speech recognition (ASR) tool. Moreover, we create multiple text modalities by automatically translating the transcripts into multiple languages via machine translation tools. Audio and multilingual text features are combined via a cascaded architecture comprising cross-modal transformer blocks that integrate modalities one by one. We further distill knowledge from the multimodal model, called teacher, into a unimodal (audio only) model, called student. We conduct experiments on a large-scale dataset, demonstrating that the automatically generated textual information can bring significant performance boosts in multimodal sentiment polarity classification. Our ablation study confirms that both automatic transcripts and automatic translations are helpful. Moreover, we show that the audio-only model can be enhanced via distillation, boosting performance without any computational overhead during inference. To reproduce the reported results, we publicly release our code at https://github.com/andreidurdun/cross-modal-audio-sentiment.
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