arXiv:2607.06824cs.ROcs.LG2026-07

让机器人系统动态预测更稳定,用几何结构提升精度与效率

CaLiSym: Learning Symplectic Dynamics of Real-World Systems through Structured Canonical Lifts

论文配图:CaLiSym: Learning Symplectic Dynamics of Real-World Systems through Structured Canonical Lifts
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 将状态和接口映射到扩展相空间,通过辛映射建模动力学
  • 在三类真实系统上实现最低外分布滚动误差,最高提升69.5%
  • 轻量设计无需隐状态或复杂计算,适合实时机器人控制

物理信息学习有望实现高效稳定的动态预测,但其最强的几何保真性仍局限于封闭保守系统。而实际机器人系统常涉及驱动、耗散与约束,能量动量与环境交换。本文提出CaLiSym框架,通过将状态及其端口显式嵌入升维相空间,在该空间中以辛映射演化动力学,突破传统限制。该升维过程为代数式,无需循环隐状态、变换器解码器、隐式优化或推理时数值积分。采用SympNet预测器并引入GRB-SympNet——一种结合样条逼近与精确辛结构的变体。在受控耗散双摆、真实四旋翼及接触约束四足机器人上验证,其外分布自回归滚动误差最低,相比序列模型最多提升69.5%,参数更少,每步浮点运算减少达85倍。升维动力学保持辛形式至数值精度,将辛学习拓展至现实机器人系统。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Physics-informed learning promises data-efficient and stable dynamics prediction, yet its strongest geometric guarantees have largely remained confined to closed conservative systems. This excludes robotic systems of interest, where actuation, dissipation, and constraints exchange energy and momentum with the environment. We introduce CaLiSym, a lightweight framework that extends symplectic learning to such systems by changing where the geometric prior is imposed. Rather than enforcing symplecticity on the measured state, CaLiSym embeds the state and its ports into a lifted phase space, where the dynamics evolve through a symplectic map. The lift is explicit and algebraic, requiring neither recurrent latent states, transformer decoders, implicit optimization, nor inference-time numerical integration. We instantiate the framework with SympNet predictors and introduce GRB-SympNet, a B-spline variant combining approximation with exact symplectic structure. Experiments on a controlled dissipative double pendulum, a real-world quadrotor, and a contact-constrained real-world quadruped demonstrate the lowest out-of-distribution autoregressive rollout error across systems, improving by up to 69.5% while using fewer parameters and up to 85x fewer floating-point operations per step than sequence-model baselines. The lifted dynamics preserve the symplectic form to numerical precision, extending symplectic learning beyond conservative mechanics toward real-world robotics.

辛动力学机器人控制物理信息学习轻量建模

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