arXiv:2607.07510eess.SPcs.AI2026-07

提出稳定生成图信号的流模型,提升对结构噪声的鲁棒性。

Stability of Flow Models for Graph Signals

  • 用GNN参数化连续流模型,保持置换等变性。
  • 推导出生成分布的稳定性边界,量化结构扰动影响。
  • 引入正则化策略降低向量场空间Lipschitz常数,提升抗噪能力。

生成图信号需要具备置换等变性的模型,并对相对结构扰动具有稳定性。尽管图神经网络(GNN)的稳定性质已被广泛研究,但持续生成流模型中结构误差如何传播仍不明确。本文分析了由GNN参数化的连续归一化流模型,证明其连续时间常微分方程及离散数值近似均保持置换等变性。主要贡献是推导出生成概率分布的显式稳定性边界,量化相对图扰动对最终采样信号的影响。基于此理论边界,提出一种稳定性促进的正则化流匹配策略,训练时主动惩罚向量场的空间Lipschitz常数。在随机块模型图上的合成平滑信号和真实脑连接组的fMRI信号实验表明,该边界导向方法生成的模型对结构噪声更鲁棒,且不影响输出质量。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Generating signals on graphs requires permutation-equivariant models that exhibit stability with respect to relative structural perturbations. While favorable stability properties of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been well documented, it is unclear how structural errors propagate through the dynamics of continuous generative flow models that are gaining traction for graph signal generation. In this paper, we analyze continuous normalized flow models parameterized by GNNs and show that permutation equivariance is preserved for both the resulting continuous-time ordinary differential equations and their discrete numerical approximations used as graph signal samplers. Our primary contribution is to derive explicit stability bounds on the generated probability distributions, which quantify how relative graph perturbations affect the final sampled signals. Motivated by these theoretical bounds, we introduce a stability-promoting regularized flow matching strategy that actively penalizes the spatial Lipschitz constant of the vector field during model training. Experiments using synthetic smooth signals on stochastic block model graphs and real-world fMRI signals on brain connectomes demonstrate that this bound-oriented approach yields generative models that are more robust to structural noise, without sacrificing output quality.

图信号生成流模型稳定性GNN

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