新数据下重新检验中微子质量矩阵的零点结构，发现部分模型仍可行且可被未来实验验证。
Revisiting One-Zero and Two-Zero Neutrino Mass Textures in Light of Recent Oscillation and Cosmological Data
- 用最新振荡与宇宙学数据筛选中微子质量矩阵的零点模式。
- 仅靠宇宙微波背景约束时，多种双零点结构仍可能；加入更多数据后只剩A系列可行。
- 结合机器学习分析单零点结构，揭示其与非可逆选择规则的关联。
在当前实验与宇宙学约束下，重新考察中微子质量矩阵的一零点和二零点纹理。利用最新的中微子振荡参数、宇宙中微子总质量的宇宙微波背景（CMB）上限、有效电子中微子质量的运动学限制以及无中微子双贝塔衰变的限制，识别出具有物理意义的纹理结构。对于二零点纹理，若仅考虑CMB对中微子质量总和的约束，若干结构仍被允许；其中B系列纹理预测狄拉克CP相位δ_CP位于π/2和3π/2附近，处于未来无中微子双贝塔衰变实验可探测范围。但当引入更强的CMB+BAO联合约束时，仅剩A系列纹理可行。因此，我们进一步采用机器学习方法（尤其是流匹配）分析一零点纹理，发现部分结构已被当前数据排除，而剩余可行结构对∑ᵢmᵢ、mₑₙₑᶠ、⟨mₑₑ⟩及δ_CP有明确预测。最后讨论了这些一零点结构如何源于非可逆选择规则。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We revisit one-zero and two-zero textures of the neutrino mass matrix under current experimental and cosmological constraints. We identify the phenomenologically viable texture structures using the latest results on neutrino oscillation parameters, the cosmological bound on the sum of neutrino masses, the kinematic bound on the effective electron-neutrino mass, and limits from neutrinoless double-beta decay. For two-zero textures, several structures are still allowed if only the CMB bound on the neutrino mass sum is imposed. Among them, the $B$-series textures show a characteristic prediction for the Dirac CP phase, with $δ_{\rm CP}$ lying around $π/2$ and $3π/2$, and are within the reach of future neutrinoless double-beta decay searches. When the stronger CMB+BAO constraint is included, however, only the $A$-series textures remain viable. Therefore, we also analyze one-zero textures by using machine learning techniques, particularly flow matching. It turns out that some of the texture structures are already excluded by current data, while the allowed ones give distinct predictions for $\sum_i m_i$, $m_{ν_e}^{\rm eff}$, $\langle m_{ee}\rangle$, and $δ_{\rm CP}$. We further discuss how the one-zero texture structures can arise from non-invertible selection rules.
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