用频域分析解决多模式交通预测难题,提升准确性与泛化能力。
Frequency-Domain Multi-Modality Transportation Modeling

- 在频域中分别处理各交通模式的特征,精准提取有效频率成分。
- 跨模式信息融合按频率动态调整,减少干扰,提升预测精度。
- 轻量设计易集成,适合城市交通、智能出行等实际场景应用。
多模式交通系统由多种交通方式(如车流、公交)构成,其动态耦合依赖共享的时间模式。现有方法多在时域操作或使用粗略特征融合,难以准确建模不同模式间的差异与非均匀交互。为此,我们提出轻量高效的频域多模式建模框架FreMo,显式利用频域实现自适应的跨模式协同。FreMo将模态内频谱精炼与跨模态协同分离,并可无缝接入通用时间序列模型。具体地,引入模态自适应频域滤波器(MFF),对每种模式内部频谱成分进行自适应优化,增强关键频率、抑制噪声;同时设计频域引导的协同整合器(FSI),根据各模态在不同频率下的贡献度选择性聚合信息,促进知识共享并避免负迁移。在真实世界数据集上的大量实验表明,FreMo持续优于先进基线,在多样预测场景中均表现出更优性能与更强泛化能力。代码已开源:https://github.com/beginner-sketch/FreMo。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Multi-modality transportation refers to urban systems composed of multiple transportation modes, such as traffic flow and public transit, whose dynamics are coupled by shared temporal patterns. Accurate multi-modality transportation forecasting remains challenging because (1) different modalities exhibit distinct spectral characteristics and (2) interact unevenly across frequencies, whereas most existing methods operate primarily in the time domain or rely on coarse feature fusion. To address these limitations, we propose a lightweight yet effective Frequency-Domain Multi-Modality modeling (FreMo) that explicitly exploits the frequency domain to enable adaptive and selective cross-modality synergy. FreMo disentangles modality-wise spectral refinement from cross-modality synergy and supports plug-and-play integration with general time series backbones. Specifically, FreMo introduces a Modality-Wise Frequency Filter (MFF) to adaptively refine spectral components within each modality, emphasizing informative frequencies while suppressing noise. FreMo further incorporates a Frequency-Guided Synergy Integrator (FSI) that selectively aggregates information across modalities based on their relative contribution at each frequency, facilitating effective cross-modality knowledge sharing while mitigating negative transfer. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets show that FreMo consistently outperforms state-of-the-art baselines, with superior performance and generalization across diverse forecasting scenarios. The code is available at https://github.com/beginner-sketch/FreMo.
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