arXiv:2607.08782cs.LGcs.AI2026-07

通过在线预测优化专家放置,显著降低MoE模型服务延迟。

Director: Accelerating Distributed MoE Serving via Online Proactive Expert Placement

论文配图:Director: Accelerating Distributed MoE Serving via Online Proactive Expert Placement
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 基于请求激活模式预测,动态调整专家在GPU的分布。
  • 实测端到端延迟降低11%至55%,适配Mistral等主流模型。
  • 支持近零停机迁移,且优化过程多项式时间完成。

专家并行已成为服务混合专家(MoE)模型的主流范式,其效率依赖于GPU间的通信与计算延迟,而这些又与专家在GPU上的部署位置密切相关。现有优化方法依赖历史请求的专家激活模式,但在面对多样化且快速变化的请求模式时表现不足,亟需一种在线、主动的解决方案。实现该方案需应对请求激活的不确定性、专家迁移成本以及优化的NP难复杂性。为此,我们提出Director——一个通过预测驱动的在线专家放置来最小化端到端延迟的分布式MoE服务系统。Director采用轻量级级联预测器或低比特量化副本预测新请求的专家激活模式;在线迁移模块在计算密集阶段执行迁移,实现近乎零停机;核心是基于松弛的专家放置优化器,在容量约束下以多项式时间运行,达到(1+ε)近似比。我们实现了原型系统,并通过大量实验验证,相比现有方法,对Mistral、DeepSeek和Qwen等主流MoE模型的端到端延迟降低了11%~55%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Expert parallelism has become the prevailing paradigm to serve Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models. Its efficiency depends on the communication and computation latencies of the GPUs, which are linked to the placement of experts in the GPUs. Existing works for optimizing expert placement focus on leveraging past requests' expert activation patterns. However, they demonstrate deficiencies facing diverse and rapidly changing request patterns, calling for an online, proactive approach. Implementing such an approach requires addressing several challenges: the uncertainty associated with incoming requests' expert activation, the cost of expert migration, and the NP-hard complexity in optimization. Therefore, we present Director, a new distributed MoE serving system that minimizes end-to-end latency via prediction-driven, online expert placement. Director uses either a lightweight cascaded predictor or a low-bit quantized replica for expert activation patterns of incoming requests. An online migration module then enacts the changes with near-zero downtime by executing migrations in compute-bound phases, keeping disruption bounded. At its core, a relaxation-based expert placement optimizer operates under capacity constraints, runs in polynomial time, and achieves a $(1+ε)$ approximation ratio. Finally, we implement a prototype and demonstrate, through extensive experiments, a reduction in end-to-end latency of $11\sim55\%$ for popular MoE models (e.g., Mistral, DeepSeek and Qwen) compared to existing work.

MoE服务优化在线调度延迟降低

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