让自动驾驶在遮挡时仍能持续追踪被遮挡的车辆
BeyondSight: Object Permanence for End-to-End Autonomous Driving

- 用时序查询保持对车辆的持久假设,不依赖实时观测
- 遮挡下检测性能提升至0.249 mAP,规划误差降至0.54
- 适合需要强鲁棒性的自动驾驶系统研发者
自动驾驶在部分可观测环境中运行,车辆或障碍物可能被其他车辆或设施完全遮挡。现有端到端驾驶系统通常将目标存在性与即时观测绑定,导致长时间遮挡后目标假设失效,关键交通参与者被遗漏。本文提出BeyondSight,一种具备持久性感知能力的端到端驾驶框架,通过时间上延续目标查询并用观测证据更新,实现感知、预测与规划对不可见目标的联合推理。为支持该模型的训练与评估,我们构建了nuScenes-Permanence,扩展nuScenes数据集以提供不可见目标的监督信号和可观测条件下的评估基准。实验表明,BeyondSight显著提升遮挡下的推理能力:不可见目标检测性能从0提升至0.249 mAP,规划误差由0.61降低至0.54 L2avg。结果表明,物体恒常性是实现鲁棒端到端自动驾驶的关键建模原则。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Autonomous driving operates in partially observable environments where actors may become fully occluded by other vehicles or infrastructure. Most end-to-end driving systems implicitly couple actor existence to instantaneous observations, causing actor hypotheses to degrade or disappear during prolonged occlusion and removing potentially critical agents from downstream prediction and planning. We introduce BeyondSight, a permanence-aware end-to-end driving framework that decouples actor existence from observability by maintaining persistent actor hypotheses over time. BeyondSight propagates actor queries temporally and updates them with observation-conditioned evidence, enabling joint perception, prediction, and planning to reason about actors even when they are temporarily unobservable. To enable principled training and evaluation of persistence-aware models, we further introduce nuScenes-Permanence, an extension of nuScenes that provides supervision and observability-conditioned evaluation for unobservable actors. Experiments show that BeyondSight substantially improves reasoning under occlusion, increasing detection performance for unobservable actors from 0 to 0.249 mAP while reducing planning error from 0.61 to 0.54 L2avg. These results highlight object permanence as an important modeling principle for robust end-to-end autonomous driving.
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