研究发现，人们对健康AI聊天机器人的使用意愿主要取决于感知收益与风险。
LLMs for health: Perceived benefits, risks, intention to use AI chatbots, and willingness to self-disclose across sensitive health topics
- 通过混合实验设计，分析话题类型与敏感度对使用意愿的影响。
- 低敏感话题的使用意愿显著高于高敏感话题，感知风险越低越愿自我披露。
- 个人特质影响更大，而非话题类型本身，适合关注隐私与心理健康的用户参考。
AI聊天机器人在解答健康问题方面日益普及。本研究考察了与AI聊天机器人讨论的话题类型及个体特征对感知收益与风险、使用意愿以及健康信息自我披露意愿的影响。研究采用在线实验，基于荷兰代表性样本（N=1,388），采用2（话题类型：生理与心理，组间）×2（话题敏感度：低与高，组内）混合设计。结果表明，感知收益与使用意愿和自我披露意愿呈正相关，而感知风险则呈负相关。参与者对低敏感话题的使用意愿显著高于高敏感话题。此外，感知、使用意愿和自我披露意愿因个体特征而异。总体而言，使用意图和健康信息自我披露主要与感知收益与风险及个人特征相关，而非话题类型。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
AI chatbots are increasingly used for answering health-related questions. This study examines the role of topic type discussed with an AI chatbot and individual characteristics on perceived benefits and risks, intention to use an AI chatbot, and willingness to self-disclose health information. We conducted an online experiment with a 2 (topic type: physical versus psychological, between-subjects) x 2 (topic sensitivity: low versus high, within-subjects) mixed design among a Dutch representative sample (N = 1,388). Results showed that perceived benefits were positively associated with intention and willingness to self-disclose, while perceived risks were negatively associated. Moreover, participants reported higher usage intentions for low-sensitive topics compared to high-sensitive topics. Furthermore, perceptions, intention, and willingness to self-disclose varied by individual characteristics. Overall, our findings suggest that intentions to use AI chatbots and self-disclosure of health-related information are primarily related to perceived benefits and risks and to personal characteristics rather than to topic type.
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