arXiv:2607.09527cs.RO2026-07

研究移动气体传感器轨迹如何影响氢泄漏检测,发现传统方法易漏检。

How Mobile Gas Sensor Trajectories Govern Hydrogen Leak Detection: A Safety Gap in Manual Leak Inspection of Hydrogen System Components

论文配图:How Mobile Gas Sensor Trajectories Govern Hydrogen Leak Detection: A Safety Gap in Manual Leak Inspection of Hydrogen System Components
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用机器人控制测试台消除人为误差,研究扫描速度与探头方向对检测的影响。
  • 线性扫描常漏检,而环绕密封点的特定路径可保持高检测率。
  • 提出可直接从3D模型生成检测轨迹的软件方案,适合氢能安全检查人员。

氢基础设施的完整性依赖于可靠的泄漏检测,目前主要通过电解槽制造中的手动示踪气体嗅探完成。尽管标准要求如此,但缺乏空间探头引导指导,检测可靠性完全依赖操作员执行,且受传感器信号延迟影响。本研究量化了小尺度管道和连接件中探测轨迹运动学对检测可靠性的影响,这一近场区域长期被宏观扩散研究忽略。通过机器人引导测试平台,在标准泄漏速率(5 vol% 氢气/氮气)下,获取了静态浓度场与动态轨迹数据,涵盖典型几何结构及不同扫描速度。结果表明,扫描速度与探头空间朝向显著影响可检测性。常规线性轨迹在动态条件下频繁漏检,导致严重假阴性。相反,针对几何特征的路径(如密封点周围的环形插入路径)能维持较高安全裕度。基于此,提出了几何特异性路径规则与动态信号损失的修正因子模型。研究揭示现行标准操作流程存在实际安全风险。为实现规则落地,提出一个概念验证软件流程,可直接从3D模型生成经验证的检测轨迹,用于辅助系统可视化。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The integrity of hydrogen infrastructure relies on reliable leak detection, performed almost exclusively via manual tracer gas sniffing in electrolyzer manufacturing. Although mandated by standards, the lack of spatial probe guidance instructions leaves detection reliability entirely to operator execution, further compromised by sensor signal delays. This study quantifies how sniffer trajectory kinematics affect detection reliability at small-scale pipes and fittings, a near-field regime largely neglected by macroscopic dispersion research. Using a robotically guided test bench to eliminate operator variability, static concentration fields and dynamic trajectory passes were acquired across representative geometries under standardized leak rates (5 vol% hydrogen in nitrogen) and varying scanning velocities. Results demonstrate that scanning velocity and spatial probe orientation strongly dictate detectability. Conventional linear trajectories frequently miss leaks under dynamic conditions, causing severe false negatives. Conversely, geometry-specific routing, such as circumferential plunging paths around sealing points, maintains a high safety margin. From these observations, geometry-specific routing rules and a reduction-factor model for dynamic signal loss are derived. The findings reveal that current standard operating procedures pose a tangible safety risk. To operationalize these rules, a proof-of-concept software pipeline is presented, generating validated trajectories directly from 3D models for visualization in assistance systems.

氢安全检测路径机器人传感

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