arXiv:2607.09632quant-phcs.AI2026-07被引 2

构建可机器验证的量子信息理论框架,支持自动证明与智能推理。

Lean-QIT: Towards a Formal Infrastructure for Quantum Information Theory

论文配图:Lean-QIT: Towards a Formal Infrastructure for Quantum Information Theory
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 用 Lean 4 构建可组合的量子编码形式化接口
  • 正式证明了量子信源编码、经典容量等核心定理及其强逆定理
  • 为量子计算与信息的智能形式化提供可复用基础

量子信息理论(QIT)刻画了量子信息处理的能力与极限,是量子通信、计算和纠错的基础。形式化其编码定理需在有限块协议、分析不等式和渐近极限之间建立统一的机器可验证框架。现有工作缺乏独立于信息论表征的可复用操作层,无法定义代码、错误准则、可达速率和容量。本文提出 LeanQIT,一个基于 Lean 4 的有限维量子信息理论库,提供可组合、内核检查的接口,涵盖量子态与通道、信源与信道编码、有限块性能标准、假设检验、单次量及渐近率构造。基于此框架,我们形式化了舒马赫的量子信源编码定理、霍尔沃—舒马赫—韦斯莫兰德的经典容量定理及其强逆定理。通过分离操作定义与分析表征,并暴露可复用的可达性、对偶性与渐近组件,LeanQIT 为形式化量子信息理论提供了机器可读基础,也为新兴的 AI 辅助形式化、自动证明搜索与代理推理提供了可组合的知识底座。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Quantum information theory (QIT) characterizes the capabilities and fundamental limits of quantum information processing, underpinning quantum communication, computation, and error correction. Formalizing its coding theorems requires connecting finite-block protocols, analytic inequalities, and asymptotic limits within a unified machine-checked framework. Existing developments, however, lack a reusable operational layer that defines codes, error criteria, achievable rates, and capacities independently of their information-theoretic characterizations. In this work, we present LeanQIT, a Lean 4 library for finite-dimensional QIT. It provides composable, kernel-checked interfaces for quantum states and channels, source and channel codes, finite-block performance criteria, hypothesis testing, one-shot quantities, and asymptotic rate constructions. Using this infrastructure, we formalize Schumacher's quantum source-coding theorem, the Holevo--Schumacher--Westmoreland classical-capacity theorem, and the entanglement-assisted classical-capacity theorem together with its strong converse. By separating operational definitions from analytic characterizations and exposing reusable achievability, converse, and asymptotic components, Lean-QIT provides a machine-readable foundation for formal QIT and a compositional knowledge substrate for emerging AI-assisted formalization, automated proof search, and agentic reasoning in quantum information and computation.

量子信息形式化Lean4自动证明

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