arXiv:2607.10123cs.SEcs.AI2026-07被引 1

首个基于GitHub的MCP实现数据集,揭示真实开发中主流技术与架构。

A Large-Scale Dataset of MCP Implementations on GitHub

论文配图:A Large-Scale Dataset of MCP Implementations on GitHub
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 从GitHub抓取3238个候选库,经多阶段验证筛选出2297个有效项目
  • 发现Python和TypeScript是主流语言,混合架构最常见
  • 数据集可复现,适合研究工具集成与生态兼容性

模型上下文协议(MCP)的快速兴起为大语言模型连接外部工具和服务提供了新标准。尽管在开源开发中迅速普及,但对其实际实现、结构与维护方式的系统性理解仍有限。本研究首次构建了基于真实GitHub代码的大规模、实证型MCP实现数据集。通过结合GitHub REST与GraphQL API及自定义Python验证脚本,共发现3,238个候选仓库,经多阶段证据核查后验证。每个有效项目按角色(如客户端、服务端、网关)分类,并以可复现的JSONL格式导出。人工抽查显示整体精确率达83%(置信度95%),并识别出一批主要作为教学示例、教程或演示模板的非运行类项目。通过针对性排除规则,最终得到2,297个已验证的MCP项目。分析表明,Python和TypeScript主导开发,混合架构成为最常见设计模式。通过强调透明验证策略、结构化证据标注与可复现的数据组织,本工作为研究真实MCP生态系统奠定了基础,支持未来在集成、连通性与兼容性方面的深入探索。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The rapid emergence of the Model Context Protocol (MCP) has introduced a new standard for connecting large language models to external tools and services. Despite its rapid adoption in open-source development, systematic understanding of how MCP is implemented, structured, and maintained remains limited. This study presents the first large-scale, evidence-based dataset of real-world MCP implementation collected directly from GitHub. Using a hybrid pipeline that integrates the GitHub REST and GraphQL APIs with custom Python verification scripts, 3,238 candidate repositories were discovered, filtered, and validated through multi-stage evidence checks. Each verified project was classified by operational role (e.g., client, server, gateway) and exported in a reproducible JSONL schema. A manual review of a representative subset confirmed an overall precision of 83% at a 95% confidence level, and additionally revealed a set of repositories functioning primarily as educational samples, tutorials, or demonstration templates. A targeted exclusion rule was then applied to remove these non-operational repositories, resulting in a final dataset of 2,297 validated MCP projects. The analysis shows that Python and TypeScript dominate MCP development, with hybrid architectures emerging as the most common design pattern. By emphasizing transparent verification strategies, structured evidence tagging, and reproducible data organization, this work establishes a foundational benchmark for studying real-world MCP ecosystems and supports future research on integration, connectivity, and compatibility across the broader developer community.

MCP数据集开源生态工具集成

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