新方法用分隔符解析非二叉句法结构,无需预设子节点数。
Non-binary bottom-up constituency parsing without arity actions
- 分离预测父标签与子节点序列,通过分隔符定位还原域
- 在PTB和CTB上性能接近基线,动作库缩小近半
- 适合需要简化动作空间的句法分析场景
非二叉自底向上句法解析通常依赖特定阶数的归约操作(如Reduce-X#k),同时指定父标签与子节点数量。本文表明阶数无需作为基本转移参数。所提解析器独立预测父标签,并从带分隔符的栈配置中识别有序子节点序列。在所有合法可归约状态中,活跃分隔符、标签标记与中间已完成项共同唯一确定归约域及其阶数。该分解策略取消了标签-阶数绑定的归约动作,同时保持对原始非二叉树的直接构建。在PTB和CTB上的受控实验显示,分隔符引导的解析器性能紧随阶数敏感基线,但动作库显著缩小。其生成树保留真实分叉分布,无高阶数下系统性坍缩。较小动作库以更长推导路径及分隔符插入、保留、消耗相关的边界错误为代价。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Non-binary bottom-up constituency parsing commonly uses arity-specific reductions such as \(\textsc{Reduce-}X\#k\), which jointly specify the mother label and number of children. We show that arity need not be a primitive transition parameter. The proposed parser predicts the mother label separately and identifies the ordered child sequence from a delimiter-bounded stack configuration. In every well-formed reducible configuration, the active delimiter, label marker, and intervening completed items uniquely determine the reduction domain and hence its arity. This factorization removes label--arity-specific reduction actions while preserving direct construction of the original non-binary trees. Controlled experiments on PTB and CTB show that the delimiter-guided parser closely tracks an arity-specific baseline while using a substantially smaller action inventory. Its predicted trees retain the gold branching profile without systematic collapse at higher arities. The smaller inventory is obtained at the cost of longer derivations and boundary-sensitive errors involving delimiter insertion, preservation, and consumption.
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