arXiv:2607.10648eess.IV2026-07中稿 · MICCAI 2026

提出自适应多路复用器结构,提升超声CT重建在噪声环境下的稳定性。

MUX-USCT: A Noise-Robust Neural Network for Ultrasound Computed Tomography

论文配图:MUX-USCT: A Noise-Robust Neural Network for Ultrasound Computed Tomography
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 设计可自动识别并过滤噪声的自适应多路复用模块,结合声学几何先验
  • 在OpenPros上达6.88 m/s MAE,参数量少17%且抗多种临床噪声干扰
  • 注意力分布可解释信号质量,适合医学成像中需鲁棒性的场景

深度神经网络(DNN)在理想无噪环境下展现出强大的超声计算机断层扫描(USCT)重建潜力,但在临床实际中因噪声影响而表现脆弱,现有方法对轻微、中度和严重噪声一视同仁。更复杂的是,噪声分布随环境变化,使注入特定噪声分布的噪声感知训练效果下降。本文重新思考此问题,观察到若能识别噪声来源并加以滤除,DNN模型可更鲁棒。该滤波操作类似数字逻辑中的多路复用器(MUX),但噪声随机出现,无法预设固定MUX。为此,提出MUX-USCT:一种新型编码-解码架构,通过“自适应多路复用器”自动识别并过滤噪声,同时在声速图重建中引入注意力机制。在OpenPros基准测试中,该模型实现6.88 m/s的平均绝对误差(MAE),比领先基线(7.65 m/s)减少17%参数量。在模拟临床噪声下,对多种退化类型保持稳定,而几何无关基线则失效。结果表明,其注意力分布可作为换能器对间信号质量的可解释指标。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown strong potential for ultrasound computed tomography (USCT) reconstruction in ideal noise-free environments, yet existing DNNs are vulnerable to the noisy conditions in clinical practice, as they equally treat inputs that suffer mild, moderate, or severe noise. More challenging, the distributions of noise shift along with the environment, indicating the less effectiveness of noise-aware training, which injects a specific noise distribution into the training data. We rethink these challenges and observe that the DNN models can become more robust to noise if we know the noise sources and filter them out. This filtering operation is very alike the Multiplexers (or MUX), a fundamental combinational circuit in digital logic design. However, the challenge here is that noise can happen randomly during inference; as a result, the manually predefined MUX cannot work. To address these challenges, we propose MUX-USCT, a novel encoder-decoder DNN architecture that encodes the known acoustic acquisition geometry with an "adaptive MUX" that can automatically identify and filter noise, where the attention mechanism is applied in reconstructing the speed-of-sound map. On the OpenPros benchmark, MUX-USCT reaches 6.88 m/s MAE with 17% fewer parameters than the leading baseline with 7.65 m/s of MAE. Under simulated clinical noise, it remains stable across diverse degradation types that cause geometry-agnostic baselines to fail. Results show that the attention distributions in MUX-USCT provide interpretable indicators of the signal quality between pairs of transducers.

超声成像神经网络噪声鲁棒注意力机制

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